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| − | '''Law of [[Biogenesis]] | + | '''Definition''' |
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| − | -->'''recapitulation [[Theory]]
| + | ''noun'' |
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| − | The [[Theory]] formulated by E.H. Haeckel that [[Individuals]] in their [[Embryonic]] [[Development]] [[Pass]] [[Through]] [[Stages]] [[Similar]] in [[General]] [[Structural]] [[Plan]] to the [[Stages]] their [[Species]] passed [[Through]] in its evolution; more technically phrased, the [[Theory]] that [[Ontogeny]] is an abbreviated [[Recapitulation]] of [[Phylogeny]]. The [[Theory]] has been discredited in the [[Light]] of the modern [[Science]] of [[Genetics]]. [[Even]] at the [[Time]], [[There]] was much [[Reason]] to doubt its [[Validity]]. Especially as Haeckel himself was [[Ordered]] to appear before a [[University]] court in Jena were he was accused of faking the evidence for [[Recapitulation]]. He [[Finally]] admitted that [[His]] evidence had been 'doctored'.Synonym: [[Biogenetic law]], haeckels [[Theory]], [[Embryonic]] [[Recapitulation]]. | + | (1) The [[principle]] stating that [[life]] arises from pre-existing [[life]], not from nonliving [[material]]. |
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| − | '''Law of [[Biogenesis]].'''
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| − | The [[Law]] which [[States]] that [[Life]] [[Arises]] from existing [[Life]]. The [[Ancient]] [[Greeks]] believed that living things could originate from nonliving [[Matter]] ([[Abiogenesis]]) and that the [[Goddess]] Gea could [[Make]] [[Life]] [[Arise]] spontaneously from [[Stones]]. [[Aristotle]] disagreed, [[But]] [[Still]] believed that creatures could [[Arise]] from dissimilar [[Organisms]] or from [[Soil]]. [[Variations]] of this [[Concept]] of [[Spontaneous generation]] [[Still]] existed as late as the 17th century, [[But]] towards the [[End]] of the 17th century a [[Series]] of [[Observations]], [[Experiments]], and [[Arguments]] began that eventually discredited such [[Ideas]]. This [[Advance]] in [[Scientific]] understanding was [[Met]] with much [[Opposition]], with personal [[Beliefs]] and [[Individual]] predjudices often obscuring the facts.
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| − | Francesco Redi, an Italian [[Physician]], proved as [[Early]] as 1668 that higher [[Forms]] of [[Life]] did not originate spontaneously, [[But]] proponents of [[Abiogenesis]] claimed that this did not [[Apply]] to microbes and [[Continued]] to [[Hold]] that these could [[Arise]] spontaneously. [[Attempts]] to disprove the [[Spontaneous generation]] of [[Life]] from non-[[Life]] [[Continued]] in the [[Early]] 1800s with [[Observations]] and [[Experiments]] by Franz Schulze and Theodor Schwann.
| + | (2) [[Recapitulation theory]]: the [[theory]] formulated by E.H. Haeckel in which the [[individual]]s in their embryonic development pass through stages [[analogous]] in general structural plan to the [[stage]]s their [[species]] passed through in its [[evolution]]; the theory in which [[ontogeny]] is an abridged [[recapitulation]] of [[phylogeny]]. |
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| − | In 1864, [[Louis]] [[Pasteur]] [[Finally]] announced the [[Results]] of [[His]] [[Scientific]] [[Experiments]]. In a [[Series]] of [[Neat]] [[Experiments]], [[Pasteur]] demonstrated that [[Life]] today did not [[Arise]] in [[Areas]] that had not been contaminated by existing [[Life]]. Pasteur's [[Empirical]] [[Results]] were summarized in the [[Phrase]], Omne vivum [[Ex]] ovo, [[Latin]] for "all [[Life]] [is] from eggs". [[Thus]] [[Dr]]. [[Louis]] [[Pasteur]] [[Finally]] overcame the longstanding [[Belief]] in [[Spontaneous generation]] of [[Life]].
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| − | It is [[Worth]] noting that [[Louis]] Pasteur's [[Research]] dealt with what can be observed to happen in the [[Present]] [[Day]] and says [[Nothing]] about what may have happened on [[Earth]] in the past. Indeed, both [[Advocates]] of [[Evolution]] and [[Advocates]] of creationism both endorse [[Abiogenesis]] as the [[Means]] by which [[Life]] began on [[Earth]], the latter [[Group]] simply claiming that [[God]] did it. [[Young]] [[Earth]] creationists [[Even]] [[Go]] so [[Far]] as to claim that fully grown creatures were created in their [[Present]] [[Form]] some six to [[Ten]] thousand [[Years]] ago, an [[Idea]] which would seem to be completely discredited by Pasteur's [[Research]].
| + | '''Supplement''' |
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| − | [[See]] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogenesis#Law_of_biogenesis for more information. | + | The [[theory]] has been discredited in time when modern [[science]] and [[genetics]] have raised doubt its [[validity]]. |
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| | + | ''Synonyms:'' |
| | + | *[[biogenetic law]] |
| | + | *[[Haeckel's theory]] |
| | + | *[[embryonic recapitulation]] |
| | + | *[[recapitulation theory]] |
