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<strong>THE MAIN OUTLINES OF BACTERIAL CLASSIFICATION</strong> <p><strong><em>R. Y. STANIER AND C. B. VAN NIEL</em></strong></p> <p><em>Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, California Received for publication February 8, 1941</em></p> <p><em>J Bacteriol. 1941 October; 42(4): 437–466.</em></p> <p><strong>1. INTRODUCTION</strong></p> <p><em>"Was diese Wissenschaft betrifft, Es ist so schwer, den falschen Weg zu meiden, Es liegt in ihr so viel verborgnes Gift, Und von der Arzenei ist's kaum zu unterscheiden." -GOETHE</em></p> <p>Although a great deal has been written on bacterial taxonomy during the past few decades, a perusal of the literature shows that for the most part this work has been restricted to the classification of the Eubacteriales alone. Since the early days of microbiology, comparatively little attention has been paid to the broader problem of delimiting and defining the Schizomycetes as a whole and the major groups contained therein. Nevertheless, it can hardly be contended that this is an unimportant aspect of bacterial taxonomy; on the contrary, a clear recognition of the larger natural groups of bacteria, their characteristics and relationships, would seem to be an indispensable basis for more detailed work. The increased use of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology for purposes of identification, together with the obvious attempts made by the present Board of Editors to seek collaboration with specialists on various groups, make it likely that this Manual will ultimately become the internationally recognized and authoritative handbook on bacterial taxonomy. Nevertheless, in its main outlines the system used in Bergey's Manual is still far from satisfactory. There will in due course be a succeeding edition, and it is with the hope of contributing some constructive suggestions for its outline that the present essay is offered.</p>
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