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sodium bicarbonate

(Science: chemical) carbonic acid monosodium salt (CHNaO3).

A white, crystalline powder that is used as an electrolyte replenisher and systemic alkaliser. It is applied topically in solution to wash the nose, mouth, or vagina, and as a cleansing enema.

pharmacologic action: acid neutralization.

uses: Preexisting metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, tricyclic or phenobarbital overdose.

dose in mEq: 0.3 * (base deficit) * (wt in kg).

potential complications: metabolic alkalosis, hypercarbia, hyperosmolar state.

note: Since HCO3- does not cross cell membranes and cO2 does, the administration of bicarbonate may actually make tissues more acidotic.

chemical name: carbonic acid monosodium salt.