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nil disease

(Science: nephrology) A disorder of the kidneys which largely affects the glomerulus. This disorder is one common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children affecting 2-3 children per 100,000 population under age 16 in the USA. Minimal change disease is also seen rarely in adults. The cause is unknown but may be related to an autoimmune illness. Risk factors include a history for a immune disorder, recent immunisation or a bee sting.

diagnosis is made by renal biopsy. Treatment include systemic corticosteroids which are usually quite effective in curing this disease. Other medications include chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide. In most cases, a moderate protein diet (1 gram protein per kg body weight per day) will be recommended. Salt (sodium) restriction can be helpful to reduce swelling and vitamin D is usually supplemented.