Edit page | Page history | Printable version

Definition

noun

A symbiotic relationship between individuals of different species in which both individuals benefit from the association.

Supplement

In this type of symbiosis, both organisms of different species rely on one another for nutrients, protection and other life functions, hence, they are usually found living in close proximity.

It can be thought of as a form of "biological barter" since the species trade resources (for example carbohydrates or inorganic compounds), or services such as gamete or offspring dispersal, or protection from predators.

There are two types of mutualism: obligate mutualism and facultative mutualism.

Word origin: L. mūtu(us): mutual, reciprocal + Gk -ismos, -isma: often directly, often through.
Related forms: mutualist (noun), mutualistic (adjective).
Compare: amensalism, commensalism, parasitism.
See also: cooperation, symbiosis.