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Dictionary » H » Haploid

Haploid

Definition

(Science: Cell Biology, Genetics)

noun

(1) The number of chromosomes in a gamete of an organism, symbolized by n.

(2) A cell or an organism having half of the number of chromosomes in somatic cells.


adjective

Of or pertaining to a condition in which there is only half of the complete set of chromosomes in somatic cells.


Supplement

For instance, a human germ cell (a sperm or an egg cell) is haploid, which means it contains only one of each of the 23 chromosomes of the human genome, or it only has half the diploid (2n) number of a human somatic cell (which is 46). Gametes being haploid are essential particularly during fertilization. The union of two sex cells, each with only haploid number of chromosomes, results in a diploid zygote. The integrity of chromosomal number throughout generations is eventually preserved.


Word origin: From Greek haplous, single.
Related forms:" haploidy (noun), haploidic (adjective).
Compare:" diploid, polyploid.
See also:" ploidy, monoploid, dihaploidy, polyhaploidy.


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mRNA transcripts, cis/trans-acting questions

... or a trans-acting mutation in GAL3, which interacts with GAL80 to de-repress GAL4 when galactose is present (“GAL3”). NOTE: Yeast are normally haploid, but the diploid cells resulting from mating can persist as diploid colonies until induced to undergo meiosis. ______ a. When this mutant is ...

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by animus31
Fri Nov 09, 2012 11:58 am
 
Forum: Genetics
Topic: mRNA transcripts, cis/trans-acting questions
Replies: 0
Views: 495

Help Please

... number of nucleotides per cell, each with an average molecular weight of 300 g/mol. How does your result compare to the established size of the haploid human genome of roughly 3 billion basepairs? Speculate on reasons for any discrepancies.

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by pompeyd
Sat Sep 29, 2012 1:08 am
 
Forum: Genetics
Topic: Help Please
Replies: 1
Views: 502

Bees

You are missing the point. 1. Females are diploid. 2. Males are haploid. 3. Males carry 1/2 of mother's genome AFTER it recombines and, thus, NOT the same. 4. Workers that share 75% of their genome identity are females. 50% comes from mother and about 25% ...

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by Cat
Sun Sep 23, 2012 4:23 pm
 
Forum: General Discussion
Topic: Bees
Replies: 3
Views: 591

Bees

... their genes with each other. This makes sense if they have the same father (as they will each get exactly the same 50% of their genes from their haploid father). However, when a queen goes on a mating flight (usually 1 or 2 in the first few days after she becomes queen) she mates with around ...

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by nicholasetew
Sat Sep 22, 2012 7:57 pm
 
Forum: General Discussion
Topic: Bees
Replies: 3
Views: 591

Recombination vs. Recombinants

... crossover point) ------------A--x------/---------D--------- ------------C---------/---------D--------- Now, segregation of alleles into 4 haploid daughter cells gives you 2 recombinant and 2 paternal gametes. If recombination event occurs in 1 out of 10 cells (0.1), than if you start with ...

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by Cat
Thu Sep 20, 2012 6:18 pm
 
Forum: Genetics
Topic: Recombination vs. Recombinants
Replies: 1
Views: 583
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