Cytokines

all antibodies, cytokines, every heterogously expressed protein...

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... molecules, they present the antigen to either cytotoxic T cells, which can bind to and lyse infected cells, or helper T cells, which can secrete cytokines to activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells to further magnify the immune response. I am not entirely sure, but I think other B cells have to ...

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Th1/Th2 division is mainly based on the cytokines they produce and they do not exclusively help just one certain cell type. Th1 cells produce cytokines (such as IFN-g) that generally promote cell-mediated immunity, including CD8+ T cells and ...

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... Factors such as insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), prostaglandins, tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), and cytokines are involved as well. As far as local regulation of bone remodeling is concerned, a large number of cytokines and growth factors that affect ...

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... of another. This affinity regulation is important so the cell responds competently to the given situation. So if the concentration of two cytokines were the same, it would not matter as the key receptors with their own affinity for the cytokines with determine what happens.

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