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Cytokine

Cytokine

(Science: biochemistry) small proteins or biological factors (in the range of 5-20 kD) that are released by cells and have specific effects on cell-cell interaction, communication and behaviour of other cells.

Not really different from hormones, but the term tends to be used as a convenient generic shorthand for interleukins, lymphokines and several related signalling molecules such as TNF and interferons.

Generally growth factors would not be classified as cytokines, though tgf is an exception. Rather an imprecise term. Chemokines are a subset of cytokines.


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cortisol and B/T-cells

... the reported effects of cortisol on wound healing do not involve B and T cells, and have more to do with reduced effect of neutrophil-associated cytokine functions. Also, apparently only few groups have noticed this phenomenom, so I'm not sure if the effect is that profound anyway. Cortisol (and ...

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by biohazard
Tue Aug 25, 2009 7:29 am
 
Forum: General Discussion
Topic: cortisol and B/T-cells
Replies: 1
Views: 35

Re: ?{REGENERATION}? Is it possible ???!!

... But if the dna "blueprints" are still there, we should be able to create an environment (albeit complex) to facilitate regeneration. The cytokine and hormone environment has been brought up in the literature to be conducive to fibrosis. I believe that it is cytokines, though a different ...

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by kolean
Fri Jun 26, 2009 12:37 pm
 
Forum: Cell Biology
Topic: ?{REGENERATION}? Is it possible ???!!
Replies: 31
Views: 1639

?{REGENERATION}? Is it possible ???!!

... challenging task to artificially create an environment where humans could regenerate back a limb, with all the issues of genetic regulation and cytokine/hormone environment that is reguired for it to happen properly.

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by biohazard
Fri Jun 26, 2009 6:24 am
 
Forum: Cell Biology
Topic: ?{REGENERATION}? Is it possible ???!!
Replies: 31
Views: 1639

bystander cell - bystander effect (fibroblasts)

... but I think I got a clue: Bystander cells, are cell not involved in a process, but are affected by it. E.g. uninvolved T-cells or B-cells through cytokine secretion. Is this correct? Does somebody have a more accurate deffinition? Can fibroblasts be called bystander cells in terms of vaccination? ...

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by pirol
Fri Jun 19, 2009 2:43 pm
 
Forum: Cell Biology
Topic: bystander cell - bystander effect (fibroblasts)
Replies: 0
Views: 150

Re:

... of infection switch to CD45RO+ memory phenotype if they encounter their specific MHC:peptide complex. Depending on the TCR signaling, prevaling cytokine environment, and cell-cell interactions, the memory cells can be divided to central memory cells or effector memory cells, which in turn can ...

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by biohazard
Wed Apr 15, 2009 6:35 am
 
Forum: Human Biology
Topic: T cell differentiation
Replies: 12
Views: 2252
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