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Dictionary » C » Chromosome ChromosomeDefinition noun, plural: chromosomes A structure within the cell that bears the genetic material as a threadlike linear strand of DNA bonded to various proteins in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, or as a circular strand of DNA (or RNA in some viruses) in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes and in the mitochondrion and chloroplast of certain eukaryotes.
In eukaryotes, the chromosomes appear as threadlike strand that condense into thicker structures and aligns on the metaphase plate during mitosis. Humans normally have 23 pairs of chromosomes, each with a characteristic length and banding pattern. Chromosomes occur in pairs (in most somatic cells) since one member of each pair comes from the mother and the other from the father. In most prokaryotes, the chromosome is usually a circular strand of DNA; hence, the entire genome is carried on only one chromosome. In viruses, the chromosome may appear as short linear or circular structure containing the DNA or RNA molecule often lacking any structural proteins.
Related forms: chromosomal (adjective).
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Results from our forumHelp??? Genetics problem cannot figure it out?Since man has only one X chromosome, she must have one X defective and one X normal (from mother). In 30% of cell divisions the chromosomes recombine and form two defective X chromosomes (each for other disease, but they ask for normal ...
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Help??? Genetics problem cannot figure it out?Genes for color blindness and hemophilia are linked on the X-chromosome in humans with a recombination frequency of 30%. A woman whose father was a color blind hemophiliac and mother was normal with no history of color blindness and hemophilia wants to ...
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How a gene detect where to insert after injected to nucleusHello, I mean how a gene after injected to a nucleus can detect where to insert itself. Example : human have 23 chromosomes, i want to replace the gene ABC at the position XYZ of the 1st chromosomes with a new gene so it can production for new protein instead of old protein. After ...
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Re: Knockout mice... is expressing the protein to some extent?" Likely yes, though this can be complicated by the biology, especially if the gene is on the X sex chromosome (where chromosome silencing can complicate expression). "What confuses me is that if this is the case, then what's the difference between ...
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Genetics with Mitosis and Meiosis... has separated and is being pulled toward the ends of the cell. The cell cycle: G-1 S-phase G-2 M-phase (division) Mitosis: Before S-phase, each chromosome consists of one strand of DNA. The DNA is copied during S-phase. So, after S-phase, each chromosome consists of two strands. When the DNA ...
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