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Artesian

Of or pertaining to Artois (anciently called Artesium), in France. Artesian wells, wells made by boring into the earth till the instrument reaches water, which, from internal pressure, flows spontaneously like a fountain. They are usually of small diameter and often of great depth.

Origin: f. Artesien, fr. Artois in France, where many such wells have been made since the middle of the last century.