111 results found

Search Results for: neuron

Neuron

Definition noun, plural: neurons An excitable cell that has specialized cell parts (such as soma, dendrites and axons),... Read More

Interneuron

Definition noun, plural: interneurons (1) Any local circuit neuron of the central nervous system that relays impulses... Read More

Newly identified human brain neuron may have unique genetic signature

Dubbed as "rosehip neuron", a new brain neuron recently discovered is unique based on its morphology and the set of genes it... Read More

Relay neuron

Definition noun A local circuit neuron of the central nervous system that relays impulses between afferent neuron to... Read More

Axon terminal

An axon terminal is any of the button-like endings of axons through which axons make synaptic contacts with other nerve... Read More

Motor neuron

Definition noun, plural: motor neurons A type of neuron connected to a muscle fiber and originates from the central nervous... Read More

Afferent neuron

Definition noun, plural: afferent neurons A type of neuron that detects stimulus from the periphery and relays nerve... Read More

Resting potential

Resting Potential Definition The resting potential of a cell is defined as the difference in electrical potential across... Read More

Efferent neuron

Definition noun, plural: efferent neurons A neuron with an axon that carries nerve impulses peripherally, and innervates... Read More

Unmyelinated neuron

Definition noun A neuron in which there is no myelin sheath surrounding the axon. Supplement The unmyelinated neuron... Read More

Dendrite

Dendrite Definition Dendrites are the protoplasmic projections from the neuron cells that receive the electrochemical... Read More

Depolarization

Depolarization is the removal of polarity by a process or action. It might also be used to describe how such activity leads... Read More

Sensory neuron

Definition noun, plural: sensory neurons A type of neuron that transmits sensory nerve impulses Supplement The neurons are... Read More

Myelinated neuron

Definition noun A neuron in which the axon is enveloped by a layer of Schwann cell membranes (sheath). Supplement The myelin... Read More

Axon hillock

Axon Hillock Definition What is axon hillock? If you are familiar with the different parts of the neuron, the axon hillock... Read More

Nervous tissue

Nervous Tissue Definition Nerve cells (or neurons) and their associated cells, such as neuroglia cells, make up nervous... Read More

Neural Control Mechanisms

Nerve cells called neurons generate electric signals that pass from one end of the cell to another and release chemical... Read More

Axon

What Is Axon? An axon is a thin, long fiber of a nerve cell (or neuron). It transmits electrical impulses from the cell... Read More

Inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential Definition An inhibitory postsynaptic potential is a type of synaptic potential. It is... Read More

Muscular system

Muscular System Definition What is the muscular system? The muscular system is a system that includes muscle cells and... Read More

Nervous System

    THE is the most complicated and highly organized of the various systems which make up the human body. It is the... Read More

Ganglion

Ganglia Definition What are ganglia? To simply define ganglia in biology, it is the structure of an oval shape that... Read More

Ganglia

Ganglia Definition What are ganglia? To simply define ganglia in biology, it is the structure of an oval shape that... Read More

Sympathetic nervous system

Definition noun A division of the (vertebrate) autonomic nervous system that is chiefly involved in producing an immediate... Read More

Synapse

Definition noun, plural: synapses A specialized structure or junction that allows cell to cell communication. verb (1) To... Read More

Afferent Nerve

Afferent Nerve Definition The word ‘aferent’ means "steering or conducting something towards a destination". The... Read More

Neuronal sprouting

Definition noun (cell biology) The process whereby a neuron generates additional branches (outgrowths) to establish new... Read More

Neuropodia

Definition (zoology) Plural form of neuropodium, the ventral lobe or branch of a parapodium (neuroanatomy) synaptic... Read More

Sensory Systems

A sensory system is a part of the nervous system consisting of sensory receptors that receive stimuli from the internal and... Read More

Selectively-permeable membrane

Selectively Permeable Membrane Definition We can define selectively permeable membranes as those that are selectively... Read More

Scratch reflex

Definition noun, plural: scratch reflexes (1) A spinal reflex characterized by a response to the activation of sensory... Read More

Muscle

Muscle cells are specialized to generate force and movement. There are three types of muscle tissue: (1) skeletal muscle,... Read More

Electrical synapse

Definition noun A form of synapse between two apposed neurons in which nerve impulse transmission is rapid and occurs by... Read More

Neuroglia

Definition noun, plural: neuroglia A cell that surrounds a nerve cell that is responsible for providing mechanical and... Read More

The biology of how the brain forgets

Our brain tends to forget things that we wish we would always remember. And yet, it cannot forget certain things we wish... Read More

Tissue

Tissue Definition What is tissue in the body? The body tissue is an aggregation of cells that function together and have a... Read More

Reflex

Definition noun, plural: reflexes (physiology) An innate, immediate involuntary action to a stimulus without prior conscious... Read More

Stimulus

We can detect hot or cold environments using our sense of temperature. When the temperature is too hot, sweating... Read More

Excitatory postsynaptic potential

Definition noun A type of postsynaptic potential where the binding of neurotransmitters with the postsynaptic receptors... Read More

Hyperpolarization

Definition noun The process or act of making the membrane potential of a cell more negative Supplement Hyperpolarization is... Read More