89 results found

Search Results for: coding

Exon

When we look at the genome sizes and the organism complexity, it becomes quite confusing at times. This is because we... Read More

Nonsense mutation

A nonsense mutation is the type of point mutation that renders the translation process useless by coding for a stop/nonsense... Read More

Genome

Genome Definition What is a genome? As defined in biology, a genome is a complete set of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) within... Read More

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Definition A nucleic acid refers to any of the group of complex compounds made up of linear... Read More

Silent mutation

A mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene or a chromosome. When there is only one nucleotide involved, it... Read More

Messenger ribonucleic acid

Definition noun plural: messenger ribonucleic acids mes•sen•ger ri•bo•nu•cle•ic ac•id, ˈmɛ.sɪn.dʒəɹ... Read More

Transcription (biology)

In biology, transcription is the process of transcribing or making a copy of the genetic information stored in a DNA strand... Read More

Allele

Allele Definition What are alleles? An allele is a term coined to describe a specific copy of a gene. Genes, the DNA... Read More

Ribonucleic acid

Ribonucleic Acid Definition noun (uncountable), ribonucleic acids ri·bo·nu·cle·ic ac·id, raɪboʊnjuːkliːɪk... Read More

Protein Synthesis

If you have jumped straight to this page, you may wish to look at the previous tutorial about DNA, which gives background... Read More

Protein synthesis

Protein synthesis is the process of creating protein molecules. In biological systems, it involves amino acid synthesis,... Read More

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Reviewed by: Mary Anne Clark, Ph.D. Eukaryotic Gene Structure In prokaryotes the DNA is located in the... Read More

Frameshift mutation

Define Frameshift Mutation What is a frameshift mutation? In biology, insertions or deletions of nucleotides in the coding... Read More

Genetic Mutations

Reviewed by: Mary Anne Clark, Ph.D. Genetic Mutations Genetic mutations are inherited variations in an... Read More

Law of Segregation

Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance The father of genetics, Gregor Mendel, reported his findings in 1860 that initially were... Read More

Satellite DNA

Definition noun, plural: satellite DNAs (molecular biology) A portion of the DNA of a genome consisting of tandemly... Read More

Resolvase

Definition noun, plural: resolvases Site-specific recombinase known for its function which is to repress... Read More

Cloning

Cloning Definition In biology, cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals... Read More

Nucleus

In cell biology, the nucleus is the large, membrane-bounded organelle that contains the genetic material in the form of... Read More

Precursor mRNA

Definition noun plural: precursor mRNAs An immature or incompletely processed mRNA molecule in eukaryotes that needs to be... Read More

HnRNA

Definition noun, plural: hnRNAs The abbreviated form for heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleic acid: an extrachromosomal RNA... Read More

Protein

Protein Definition Proteins are biomolecules comprised of amino acid residues joined together by peptide bonds.... Read More

Complementary DNA

Definition noun A double stranded DNA produced from the messenger RNA synthesis in a reaction catalyzed by an enzymes... Read More

Metabolic disorder

Definition noun, plural: metabolic disorders A disorder in the metabolism, often caused by a dysfunctional enzyme as a... Read More

Cytosine

Definition noun plural: cytosines cy·to·sine, ˈsaɪtəsiːn (biochemistry) A pyrimidine nucleobase that complementary... Read More

Translation

Translation, in general, is the conversion of something into another form, such as a word from one language to another. But... Read More

Genetic Information and Protein Synthesis

Genetic Code Genes are sequences of DNA nucleotides that carry and transmit the information specifying amino acid sequences... Read More

Nucleic acid

Nucleic Acid Definition A nucleic acid refers to any of the group of complex compounds consisting of chains of monomers of... Read More

Polymorphism

Polymorphism Definition The occurrence of two or more different forms or morphs in the population of a species is referred... Read More

Chromosome Mutations

Reviewed by: Mary Anne Clark, Ph.D. By nature, the genetic information from both parents is expected to be seen... Read More

Pol gene

pol gene (Science: molecular biology) genes coding for dNA polymerases of which there are three in e. Coli, polA, polB and... Read More

Missense mutation

What is a missense mutation? Literally speaking, a mutation that changes the meaning of the encoded gene sequence is the... Read More

Biological Viruses

The prime directive of all organisms is to reproduce and survive and this also applies to viruses. Apparently, viruses are... Read More

Gene

A gene is the fundamental, physical, and functional unit of heredity. The genes make up the sequences of DNA (genotypes).... Read More

Regeneration in humans – Finding the gene switch

Regeneration in humans is much more limited compared in other animals. Say for instance when one lost a limb, much as well... Read More

Sickle cell anaemia

Definition noun A hereditary blood disorder resulting in anaemia due to a mutation in the allele coding for the beta chain... Read More

Autosome

Autosomes can be described as the non-sex chromosomes that play diverse roles in the human body like harboring genes for the... Read More

Sex Reversal – When Males Grew Ovaries Instead of Testes

Summary: Sex reversal is not unusual in some animals, especially in invertebrates. As for the vertebrates, there are... Read More

Zygosity

Definition noun (genetics) The degree of similarity or the dissimilarity of the DNA sequences in specific coding segments,... Read More

Molecular Basis of Temperature-Dependent Gender of Red-Eared Slider Turtle

Imagine a child inside a womb with a sex yet to be decided not by the pair of sex chromosomes but by the ambient temperature... Read More