ATP

[Masha23]

I have this AP Bio 12 test coming up in a week. 1 question is something like this.
"How is ATP formed?"

And ATP is formed either by Chemiosis or Substrate-level phosphoratation.

I know what chemiosis does but how does substrate-level phosphoratation produce ATP?

[mith]

phosphorylation is probably the term you should google for.

[baikuza]

hei..
ATP is Adenosin TriPhosphate
so it could be formed by Nitrogen base (adenosin) and 3 phosphates

it could be said that it from AMP then + Pi become ADP, ADP + Pi become ATP.

hei... try molecular biology..
then try also DNA replication.

hei... also try something similar GTP, CTP..

hope this help

[victor]

But doing a phosporylation is also the same...just do it by using proton pump..

[zami'87.]

Hey in chemiosmosis H+ ion gradient drives ATP synthesis. When H+ enter across membrane in direction of lower concentration-actually it crosses through ATP synthase in memebrane , ATP synthase gets energy for making ATP from ADP and Pi.
Substrate level production of ATP is a process in which ATP is produced by enzyme that transfers directly a phosphate group from substrate to ADP.Like in glycolysis from 1,3-biphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate.

Zami'87.

[victor]

Hey in chemiosmosis H+ ion gradient drives ATP synthesis. When H+ enter across membrane in direction of lower concentration-actually it crosses through ATP synthase in memebrane , ATP synthase gets energy for making ATP from ADP and Pi.
Substrate level production of ATP is a process in which ATP is produced by enzyme that transfers directly a phosphate group from substrate to ADP.Like in glycolysis from 1,3-biphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate.

Zami'87.

That's what I mean proton pump...

[Masha23]

The chloroplasts are lens-shaped organelles found in leaves and other green organisms. In the green tissue, in the interior of the leaf, are mesophyll. Each mesophyll has about 30 or 40 chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are made up of saclike photosynthetic membranes. These membranes are in such an order that they form stacks called grana. Next to the grana are thylakoids which separate the grana from the stroma, the fluid out side the thylakoid. Inside the grana are the pigments involved in photosynthesis. The pigments in the chloroplast are called chlorophyll

You need glasses.


& Thanks for all your help.
Much appreciation

[Borisfen]

Substrate phosphorylation is when phosphate group is transfered from some phosphorylated compound to ADP (like in glycolysis).

In case of chemiosmosis ADP is directly phosphorylated by inorganic phosphate.

Take a look at http://www.atpsynthase.info for details.

Regards,

Boris.