Illness and Digestion...

[victor]

What I know is IL-12 secreted by Macrophage and dendritic cells in order to stimulate T-cell and NK cell in secreting IFN-gamma which acts as MAF..is it true boss?? about IL-8, don't have a figure..in my book, it says IL-8 is secreted by T-cell and B-cell...after that, I don't know again....

have a clue??

[Dr.Stein]

IL-8:
- a proinflammatory cytokine
- released by several cell types (eg, monocytes, macrophages, T cells, endothelial cells, tumor cells) in response to an inflammatory stimulus
- activates neutrophils
- a chemokine for neutrophils and T lymphocytes
- an angiogenic factor










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ImmunoCLUEthing*:
Chemokine is a always a cytokine, but a cytokine is not always a chemokine
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* a little note to people who likes to study Immuno(bio)logy. I'd like to share it with you
(c) 2006 Dr.Stein

[victor]

actually, what is the important cytokine that I'll use the most in immunology? because I think it's nearly impossible to memorize all the cytokine..

[cardiorrhexis]

One of the question asked on my exam was that...

Relate how long term illness can result in problems with digestion.

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The answer I wrote:

Illness put the body in stree situation where it is trying to fight the invading microbe. During stress, the digestive activities are decreased so the body can focus more energy towards the stimuli. Here the invading microbe is the cause for the illness, and the body will most likely use its energy to destroy the microbes and digestive activites will be less of a prirority. Therefore causing difficulty digesting food.

(reminder this is a final year high school level bio)

Hi there...just wanted to add on to Dr.Stein's segment regarding inappetance....

Protein levels must be above a certain point (3mg/dl in veterinary medicine) otherwise the gut will start to slough (die and shed). When the gut starts to slough, you get bacterial translocation...bacteria moves from the alimentary system into the peritoneal/abdominal cavity and causes peritonitis/sepsis...the comes SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Sydrome), MODS (Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome...basically organ failure) and DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation).

Nutrition is one of the most important things, especially in illness as coloric requirements increase to twice and three times regular manintenance due to the increased metabolism.

Hope that helps...

[Dr.Stein]

actually, what is the important cytokine that I'll use the most in immunology? because I think it's nearly impossible to memorize all the cytokine..

What?? Cytokine is the thing to make the interaction between immunocompetent cells is available. Without cytokine there is, no behaviour changes in cells, means that there will be no proper immune responses. See? However, you do not need to memorize all cytokine names, because I do not know them either Naah, seriously, because it is too many cytokines thus that's impossible. All you need is to understand its role in generating immune response. Well, sometimes you need to know some important cytokine though