clonal abnormalities

[ezaneea]

can anyone mind explain to me the word "clonal abnormalities"?thank u...

[Dr.Stein]

In my field, Immunobiology and Immuno-Haematology, a clonal abnormality is a change in the structure or in the number of the patient’s chromosomes in certain cells of the bone marrow. For instance, it is initiated by the transformation of a multipotential hematopoietic cell in the bone marrow, thus it causes a disturbance in haemopoietic regulation.

T-cell is a good example to show this because during their maturation, they undergo clonal selection and clonal expansion. They should react properly to both self cells and nonself cells. Such clonal abnormality causes T-cell to be self-reactive to self cells (auto-antigens), generating autoimmune disease. Further, this condition will lead B-cell to produce auto-antibody due to those auto-antigens.

But I think, this clonal abnormalities are not only in blood stem cells, but could possibly happen in other cell types, e.g. somatic cells. I do not know yet about it.