Questions about Biology's term

[dorevidadamn]

Can someone tell me the meaning of some biology's terms?
The terms are as follow:
Chromosome
Homologous Chromosome
Chromatin
Chromatid
Bivalent
Tetrad

But not least tell me the differentiate between them.
I hope you can label all of them in picture so that I can understand well.

Thanks Very Much!!!

[alextemplet]

Does your textbook have a glossary in the back?

[MichaelXY]

Does your textbook have a glossary in the back?

If not, Google will. These lazy kids these days. Geez.

[dorevidadamn]

I read already. But I can't understand about it. It make me confuse.
I checked for image at google but the image are same and didn't label the part.

[alextemplet]

Maybe I can answer your question better if you explain what parts are confusing you?

[dorevidadamn]

What is the difference between chromatid, chromatin and chromosome?
It also state that bivalent is visible under microscope as a 4 part structure called tetrad. Is this means that bivalent is also tetrad?
My text book state that homologous chromosome consist of 2 chromosome(1 paternal, 1 maternal).
A tetrad consists of 2 homologous chromosomes, each made up of 2 sister chromatid.
Is that means tetrad consists of 4 chromatid and each of the homologous chromosome consists of 2 non-sister chromatid?

Thanks for your help. I really appreciate it.

[Jesse2504]

Chromosome: Is a structure composed of DNA which carries genetic information.

Homologous Chromosome: Chromosomes in a diploid organism which contain the same sequence of genes but are derived from different parents, and which pair with each other at meiosis

Chromatin: The complex of DNA and histone proteins that make up the basic material of eukaryotic chromosomes. This can also be used to describe the chromosomal material as a whole inclusive of other proteins.

Chromatid: Is a copy of a chromosome present after DNA and chromosome replication. So during metaphase the two halves of a copied chromosome are both chromatids. At anaphase these separate and become two new chromosomes.

Bivalent: A chromosome that has duplicated to form two sister chromatids still held together at the centromere.

Tetrads: Group of four chromatids at meiosis, or a pair of homologous chromosomes separating at mitosis to form a quadrangular shape.

Hope that helps, It is a little confusing like most scientific naming systems.