table of contents 
In the present study, the authors measured and compared the levels of …
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Table 1
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Site characteristics from the "zones homogènes" subdivisions.
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Sites
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N° "Zones Homogènes"
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Morphologic characteristics
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Ecologic level
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Anthropogenic pressure
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Calvi
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48
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Open zone
Rocky and sandy coasts
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Rich
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Medium (Tourism)
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Lumio
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48
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Open zone
Rocky and sandy coasts
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Rich
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Medium (Tourism)
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Saint-Florent
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50
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Semi-closed zone
Rocky and sandy coasts
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Rich
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Low (Agriculture, Tourism)
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Nonza
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50
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Semi-closed zone
Rocky and sandy coasts
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Rich
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Low (Agriculture, Tourism)
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Macinaggio
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31
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Open zone
Rocky and sandy coasts
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Medium
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Medium (Tourism)
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Bastia
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32
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Open zone
Sandy coasts
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Medium
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High (Agriculture, Tourism, Industries)
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Table 2
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Characteristics of the six meadows around north Corsican coasts.
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Density
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Leaf biomass
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Epiphyte biomass
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Leaf Area Index
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Nov 2001
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|
|
|
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Calvi
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461 ± 183
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451 ± 150
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17 ± 21
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8.3 ± 2.5
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St Florent
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433 ± 205
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251 ± 71
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4 ± 4
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4.6 ± 1.3
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Nonza
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635 ± 179
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540 ± 275
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3 ± 3
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10.3 ± 5.2
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Feb 2002
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|
|
|
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Calvi
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554 ± 123
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748 ± 155
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43 ± 13
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11.6 ± 2.4
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Lumio
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448 ± 186
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624 ± 317
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18 ± 13
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13.0 ± 3
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Macinaggio
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627 ± 204
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765 ± 169
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88 ± 29
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15.7 ± 3.9
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Bastia
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509 ± 159
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636 ± 160
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117 ± 123
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12.5 ± 2.6
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| Density, mean leaf and epiphyte biomasses (gDW.m-2), leaf area index (m2.m-2), at the sampling sites in November 2001 (Calvi, St Florent, Nonza) and February 2002 (Calvi, Lumio, Macinaggio and Bastia). |
Table 3
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Metal concentrations (μg gDW-1) for the period 1997–2001 in sheaths of P.oceanica
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Cr
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Ni
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Cu
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Zn
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As
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Se
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Cd
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Pb
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Calvi
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25 ± 18
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11 ± 9
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9 ± 3
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21 ± 4
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14 ± 6
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52 ± 30
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1.1 ± 0.8
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11 ± 6
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N = 41
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(6 – 89)
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(2 – 44)
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(4 – 17)
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(13 – 30)
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(6 – 26)
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(17 – 115)
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(0.6 – 5.6)
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(2 – 30)
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Lumio
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22 ± 14
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9 ± 6
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9 ± 1
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14 ± 3
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19 ± 9
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72 ± 40
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0.4 ± 0.3
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6 ± 2
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N = 19
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(6 – 58)
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(2 – 25)
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(6 – 12)
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(10 – 20)
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(9 – 38)
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(30 – 125)
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(0.1 – 0.8)
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(1 – 13)
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St Florent
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39 ± 15
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21 ± 7
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16 ± 7
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23 ± 4
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14 ± 7
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56 ± 35
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0.7 ± 0.8
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8 ± 3
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N = 16
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(20 – 73)
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(10 – 37)
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(7 – 26)
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(15 – 32)
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(7 – 25)
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(20 – 103)
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(0.3 – 3.7)
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(3 – 14)
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Nonza
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123 ± 41
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111 ± 52
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13 ± 2
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16 ± 3
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20 ± 4
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80 ± 15
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1.2 ± 0.4
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6 ± 3
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N = 13
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(67 – 207)
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(46 – 223)
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(10 – 16)
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(11 – 22)
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(9 – 26)
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(37 – 108)
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(0.6 – 2.1)
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(3 – 13)
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Macinaggio
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48 ± 22
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23 ± 11
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9 ± 2
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15 ± 4
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21 ± 11
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70 ± 45
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0.4 ± 0.3
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6 ± 2
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N = 21
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(13 – 96)
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(4 – 47)
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(4 – 13)
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(8 – 30)
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(7 – 44)
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(23 – 138)
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(0.1 – 0.9)
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(1 – 10)
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Bastia
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74 ± 50
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37 ± 24
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15 ± 3
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31 ± 8
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19 ± 9
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58 ± 40
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0.4 ± 0.1
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25 ± 29
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N = 18
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(23 – 182)
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(11 – 87)
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(11 – 21)
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(21 – 51)
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(8 – 40)
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(13 – 109)
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(0.2 – 0.5)
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(8 – 135)
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| Metal concentrations sampled in Calvi, St Florent, Nonza, Lumio, Macinaggio and Bastia. (Mean ± Standard deviation, minimum – maximum). |
Table 4
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Comparison of metal concentrations in dead sheaths of P. oceanica in the Western Mediterranean Sea.
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Cr
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Cu
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Zn
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As
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Cd
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Pb
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Reference
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Pointe Chèvres (France)
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2.8 ± 0.4
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|
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Pergent-Martini, 1994
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5 sites Haute Corse (France)
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15.6 ± 6.7 (10–27)
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1.4 ± 0.4 (1–1.84)
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2.0 ± 1.0 (0.8–3.6)
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Camuglio, 1995
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Lavezzi Corse du Sud (France) 1976–1992
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8 ± 2 (6–15)
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19 ± 4 (13–30)
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1.2 ± 0.2 (0.7–1.5)
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5.0 ± 2.9 (1.7–12.0)
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Roméo et al., 1995
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La Darse (France) 1983–1992
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34 ± 7 (27–46)
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55 ± 7 (34–149)
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0.5 ± 0.2 (0.3–0.9)
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10.4 ± 7.1 (1.6–26.1)
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Roméo et al., 1995
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Cap Martin (France) 1986–1992
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17 ± 2 (11–36)
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61 ± 7 (35–59)
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0.8 ± 0.1 (0.6–1.4)
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10.0 ± 1.0 (2.5–22.1)
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Roméo et al., 1995
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Marseille (France) ?-?
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17 ± 2 (4–36)
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1.3 ± 0.2 (0.1–3.7)
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9.5 ± 1.2 (1.2–28.3)
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Baroli et al., 2001
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Ischia (Italy) ?-?
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17 ± 3 (5.0–58.0)
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0.7 ± 0.2 (0.1–3.9)
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11.2 ± 9.8 (1.8–18.3)
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Baroli et al., 2001
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Liscia Bay (Sardinia) 1978–1994
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6 ± 3 (3–13)
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0.6 ± 0.1 (0.3–0.8)
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5.2 ± 8.0 (1.7–36.6)
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Baroli et al., 2001
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| Concentrations were expressed in μg gDW-1 (mean ± standard deviation, minimum – maximum). |
Table 5
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Mean metal concentrations in different tissues of P. oceanica.
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N
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Chromium
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Nickel
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Copper
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Zinc
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Cadmium
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Lead
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Leaves
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30
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1.6 ± 1.5
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22.9 ± 10.2
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11.1 ± 6.5
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109.3 ± 41.1
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2.8 ± 0.9
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5.2 ± 3.8
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Scales
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28
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19.7 ± 12.0
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7.6 ± 5.6
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9.5 ± 2.8
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20.7 ± 4.4
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1.0 ± 0.3
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11.4 ± 7.7
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M-W U Z
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-6.504
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4.964*
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0.498
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6.100*
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6.100*
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-3.750
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| Leaf and dead sheath concentrations were expressed in μg gDW-1 (mean ± standard deviations) and Mann-Whitney U test Z was used for each metal. N corresponds to the number of samples and significantly different samples are marked as * (p |
Table 6
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Leaf metal concentrations and Repeated Mesured ANOVA F for each metal at each time period at Calvi site.
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N
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Cr
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Ni
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Cu
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Zn
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Cd
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Pb
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1988
|
5
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0.9 ± 0.2
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0 ± 0
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6.7 ± 2.2 a
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88.0 ± 6.8 ab
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4.0 ± 1.3
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8.6 ± 7.5 a
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1993
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12
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2.4 ± 2.0
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20.5 ± 14.6
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9.3 ± 2.0 a
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120.7 ± 42.0 b
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3.2 ± 1.3
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7.7 ± 4.5 a
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1994
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8
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0.9 ± 0.9
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29.4 ± 3.9
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4.4 ± 2.2 a
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123.8 ± 47.5 ab
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2.6 ± 0.4
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4.9 ± 2.1 ab
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2003
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5
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1.1 ± 0.2
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18.9 ± 2.6
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21.7 ± 4.2 c
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65.8 ± 8.4 a
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2.3 ± 0.3
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2.0 ± 0.8 b
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2004
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5
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1.0 ± 0
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22.6 ± 4.6
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15.3 ± 2.1 b
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102.1 ± 11.9 ab
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2.9 ± 0.4
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3.0 ± 0.9 ab
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Log transformed
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No
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No
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No
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No
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No
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Yes
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Sum squares
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|
8.254
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809.625
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928.829
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11543.927
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8.462
|
6.521
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Mean square
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|
2.063
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269.875
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232.207
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2885.982
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2.115
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1.630
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df
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|
4
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4
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4
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4
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4
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4
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ANOVA F
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|
2.391
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2.592
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47.482*
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3.246*
|
2.175
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4.200*
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| Leaf concentrations were expressed in μg gDW-1 (mean ± standard deviation). Where a significant difference was found, a Tukey's HSD post hoc comparison was used to determine where the differences lay and similar samples were marked with the same letter. N corresponds to the number of samples and significantly different samples are marked as * (p |
Table 7
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Variation of mean metal concentrations in the leaves and dead sheaths of P. oceanica.
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P. oceanica organs
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Sites
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Metal levels
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Leaves
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Calvi
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Zn > Ni > Cu > Pb > Cd Cr
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|
Dead sheaths
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Calvi
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Se Ni > Zn > Cr >As Cu > Pb > Cd
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Dead sheaths
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Lumio
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Se Cr > As > Zn > N i> Cu > Pb > Cd
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Dead sheaths
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St Florent
|
Cr > Se > Zn > Ni > Cu As > Pb > Cd
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Dead sheaths
|
Nonza
|
Cr Ni Se > As > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd
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Dead sheaths
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Macinaggio
|
Se > Cr > Ni As > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd
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Dead sheaths
|
Bastia
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Cr > Zn Ni Se > Pb > Cu As > Cd
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| Metal concentrations sampled in the six studied meadows (Calvi, Lumio, St Florent, Nonza, Macinaggio and Bastia). |
Table 8
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Time sampling design according to organs and sites.
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Organs
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studied metals
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Sites
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Sampling time
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studied period
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Leaves
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Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb
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Calvi
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- 1988 (February and May)
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1988 – 2004
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|
|
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- 1993 (March, June, September and December)
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|
|
|
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- 1994 (February, April and June)
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|
|
|
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- 2003 (November)
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|
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- 2004 (December)
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Sheaths
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Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd and Pb
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Calvi
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- 2001 (November)
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1992 – 2002
|
|
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Lumio
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- 2002 (February)
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(dated back)
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|
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Saint-Florent
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|
|
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Nonza
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|
|
|
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Macinaggio
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|
|
|
|
Bastia
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|
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