The marsupial and placental mammals originated at a time when the pattern …

• Abstract
• Definitions, warnings and explanations
• The physical background
• The historical biogeography of the mammals
• References
• Figures
• Table

• Benton MJ 1993. The Fossil Record 2, Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. 
         
• Cox CB 1974. Vertebrate palaeodistributional patterns and continental drift. J Biogeog 1: 75-94. 
          
• Cox CB, Moore PD 1985. Biogeography; an Evolutionary and Ecological Approach, 4th ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 244 pp. 
         
• Cox CB, Moore PD 1993. Biogeography; an Evolutionary and Ecological Approach, 5th ed., Blackwell Science, Oxford, 326 pp. 
          
• Cox CB, Moore PD 2000. Biogeography; an Evolutionary and Ecological Approach, 6th ed., Blackwell Science, Oxford, 298 pp. 
          
• George W, Lavocat R 1993. The Africa-South America Connection. Oxford Monographs in Biology 7. 
          
• Graham A 1999. Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic History of North American Vegetation, Oxford University Press, Oxford & New York, 345 pp. 
        
• Smith AG, Smith DG, Funnell BM 1994. Atlas of Mesozoic and Cenozoic Coastlines, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 99 pp. 
        
• Steininger FF, Rabider C, Rogl F 1985. Land mammal distribution in the Mediterranean Neogene. In DJ Stanley & FC Wezel (eds), Geological Evolution of the Mediterranean Basin, Springer, New York. p. 559-571. 
       
• Webb SD 1985. Late Cretaceous mammal dispersals between the Americas. In Stehli FG & Webb SD (eds), The Great American Biotic Interchange, Plenum Press, New York, p. 357-386. 
         
• Wolfe JA 1978. A paleobotanical interpretation of Tertiary climates in the Northern Hemisphere. Am Scient 66: 694-703.