Due to the relatively limited amount of work done to date on …

• Abstract
• Background
• Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusion
• References
• Figures
• Tables

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Figure 1.A schematic of the vertical column 2:1 Mock-Up System.

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Figure 2.A schematic of the horizontal 1:1 Pulsatile Flow System.

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Figure 3.Prototype design of venous valve in the Open (left) and Closed (right) positions consisting of a solid circular base, frame struts with uniquely shaped flanges, and a flexible leaflet material.

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Figure 4.Actual 2:1 scale device with optimized frame and shaped Biospan^® leaflet. A threaded extension from the base (not shown) screwed into the test section fixture to improve alignment and prevent leakage.

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