The authors review the available literature on electroporation in the heart and …

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Cellular responses to strong electric fields
• Electroporation assessment via shock induced transmembrane
• Electroporation assessment by membrane impermeable dye diffusion
• Conclusion
• References
• Figures

Electroporation of the heart

Vladimir P. Nikolski and Igor R. Efimov^*

Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA

Manuscript submitted 7 January 2005. Accepted after revision 3 May 2005.

^*Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 216 368 1916; fax: +1 216 368 5143. E-mail address: [email protected] (I.R. Efimov).

Abstract 

Defibrillation shocks are commonly used to terminate life-threatening arrhythmias. According to the excitation theory of defibrillation, such shocks are aimed at depolarizing the membranes of most cardiac cells resulting in resynchronization of electrical activity in the heart. If shock-induced changes in transmembrane potential are large enough, they can cause transient tissue damage due to electroporation. In this review evidence is presented that (a) electroporation of the heart tissue can occur during clinically relevant intensities of the external electrical field, and (b) electroporation can affect the outcome of defibrillation therapy; being both pro- and anti-arrhythmic.

Key Words: electroporation, defibrillation, optical mapping  

Source:  Europace 2005 7(s2):S146-S154.