Tables

- An eight-year follow-up national study of medical school and general hospital ethics committees in Japan

Table 1

Respondents to the medical school survey
	1995	2002
	N = 80	%	N = 62	%

Sex
Male	80	100	60	96.8
Female	0	0.0	2	3.2
Age
30's	2	2.5	0	0.0
40's	5	6.3	4	6.5
50's	15	18.8	17	27.4
60's	54	67.5	40	64.5
70's	1	1.3	1	1.6
NA	3	3.8	0	0.0
Committee Position
Committee chair	67	83.8	52	83.8
Committee co-chair	3	3.8	4	6.5
Member	3	3.8	6	9.7
Other	5	6.3	0	0.0
NA	2	2.5	0	0.0
University Type
National University	32	40	25	40.3
National College	19	23.8	15	24.2
Private University	11	13.8	5	8.1
Private College	18	22.5	17	27.4
Akabayashi et al. BMC Medical Ethics 2007 8:8 doi:10.1186/1472-6939-8-8

Table 2

Respondents to the general hospital survey
	1996	2002
	N = 743	%	N = 464	%

Sex
Male	624	84.0	418	90.1
Female	7	0.9	0	0.0
NA	112	15.1	46	9.9
Age
20's	0	0.0	1	0.2
30's	17	2.3	3	0.6
40's	85	11.4	44	9.5
50's	255	34.3	156	33.6
60's	325	43.7	233	50.2
70's	37	5.0	12	2.6
NA	24	3.2	15	3.2
Hospital Position
Chief of Staff	536	72.1	364	78.4
Co-chief of Staff	110	14.8	57	12.3
Physician	46	6.2	23	5.0
Administrator	23	3.1	10	2.2
Other	6	0.8	2	0.4
NA	22	3.0	8	1.7
Hospital Type
National	97	13.1	46	9.9
Public	326	43.9	270	58.1
Private	265	35.7	140	30.2
Other	35	4.7	0	0.0
NA	20	2.7	8	1.7
Akabayashi et al. BMC Medical Ethics 2007 8:8 doi:10.1186/1472-6939-8-8

Characteristics of ethics committees
	Medical School
Characteristics	Mean ± SD	Range

Total members	10.4 ± 2.6	6–22
External members (outside of medical school but within same college/university)	1.3 ± 1.3	0–6
External members (outside of same college/university)	1.4 ± 1.1	0–5
Female members	0.6 ± 0.9	0–6
Discipline of EC members
Basic medicine	2.7 ± 1.1	1–8
Clinical medicine	4.0 ± 1.6	1–8
Other medicine	0.7 ± 1.1	0–4
Nursing	0.3 ± 0.6	0–3
Other healthcare field	0.1 ± 0.4	0–3
Law	1.0 ± 0.6	0–3
Philosophy/Ethics	0.5 ± 0.6	0–3
Other Humanities and/or Social Sciences	0.4 ± 0.7	0–3
Administrative	0.2 ± 0.6	0–4
Other	0.5 ± 0.9	0–4
Akabayashi et al. BMC Medical Ethics 2007 8:8 doi:10.1186/1472-6939-8-8

Characteristics of ethics committees
	General Hospital
Characteristics	Mean ± SD	Range

Total members	10.3 ± 4.9	4–27
External members	1.2 ± 1.4	0–8
Female members	1.3 ± 1.3	0–8
Discipline
Chief of staff	0.7 ± 0.04	0–1
Co-chief of staff	1.4 ± 0.9	0–4
Physician	4.1 ± 4.3	0–18
Nurse	1.2 ± 1.0	0–7
Co-medical staff	0.5 ± 0.9	0–5
Administrator	0.5 ± 1.0	0–4
Attorney/Consultant	0.4 ± 0.6	0–3
Philosopher/Ethicist	0.3 ± 0.6	0–4
Other	0.4 ± 0.9	0–6
Akabayashi et al. BMC Medical Ethics 2007 8:8 doi:10.1186/1472-6939-8-8

Activities at medical school ECs 1995 (n = 80)
	(%)
Review of clinical research related to treatment with patients as subjects	74(92.5)
Review of clinical research unrelated to treatment with patients as subjects	62(77.5)
Review of clinical research with non-patients as subjects	58(72.5)
Review of basic research with animals as subjects	16(20.0)
Issuing of a committee approval certificate for the editorial board of an academic journal	27(33.8)
Policy-making	66(82.5)
Consultation	14(17.5)
Education	17(21.3)
Akabayashi et al. BMC Medical Ethics 2007 8:8 doi:10.1186/1472-6939-8-8

Activities at hospital ECs 1996 (n = 180)
	(%)
Review of clinical research related to treatment with patients as subjects	127(70.6)
Review of clinical research unrelated to treatment with patients as subjects	52(28.9)
Review of clinical research with non-patients as subjects	34(18.9)
Review of basic research with animals as subjects	9(0.5)
Issuing of a committee approval certificate for the editorial board of an academic journal	19(10.6)
Policy making	99(55.5)
Consultation	58(32.2)
Education	30(16.7)
Akabayashi et al. BMC Medical Ethics 2007 8:8 doi:10.1186/1472-6939-8-8

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