table of contents 
This review summarises some of the major research achievements during the decade.
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1. Normile D : Japanese neuroscience. New institute seen as brains behind big boost in spending. Science 1997; 275 : 1562-1563. 2. Mervis J : Neuroscience institute breaks new ground. Science 1999; 283 : 150-151. 3. Tandon PN : National brain research centre. Annals Indian Academy Neurology1999; 2 : 119-121. 4. Cohen JD : Conflict monitoring versus selection for action in anterior cingulate. Nature1999; 402 : 179-180. 5. Jones EG, Mendell LM : Assessing the decade of the brain. Science1999; 284 : 739. 6. Pandya SK : Neurosciences in India. Retrospect and prospect. The Neurological Society of India and Council of Scientific Industrial Research, New Delhi; 1989. 7. Tandon PN : Neuroscience in India; an overview, 2000 (In Press). 8. Zinn K, Schmid A : Derailed axons get on track. Nature1999; 402 : 475-476. 9. McKay R : Stem cells in the central nervous system. Science 1997; 276 : 66-71. 10. Chenn A, Walsh CA : Cranking it up a notch. Science1999; 286 : 689. 11. Zangaladze A, Epstein CM, Grafton ST et al : Involvement of visual cortex in tactile discrimination of orientation. Nature 1999; 401 : 587-589. 12. Faweett JW, Geller HM : Regeneration in the CNS. Optimism mounts. Trends Neurosci 1998; 21 : 179-180. 13. Berger A : Brain cells can regenerate. BMJ1998; 317 : 1272. 14. Gould E, Reeves AJ, Graziano MSA : Neurogenesis in the neocortex of adult primates. Science1999; 286 : 548-552. 15. Swanson PD : Diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorders affecting the nervous system. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995; 59 : 460-470. 16. Hardy J, Gwinn-Hardy K : Genetic classification of primary neurodegenerative disease. Science1998; 282 : 1075-1083. 17. Smith GK, Jie J, Fox GE et al : DNA CTG triplet repeats involved in dynamic mutations of neurologically related gene sequences for stable duplexes. Nucleic Acid Res 1995; 23 : 4303-4311. 18. Edwardson J, Morris C : The genetics of Alzheimer's disease. BMJ1998; 317 : 361-362. 19. Haass C, Strooper BD : The presenilins in Alzheimer's disease - proteolysis holds the key. Science1999; 286 : 916-919. 20. Mandelkow E : The tangled tale of tau. Nature 1999; 402 : 588-589. 21. Sinha S, Anderson JP, Barbour R et al : Purification and cloning of amyloid precursor protein ? -secretase from human brain. Nature1999; 402 : 537-540. 22. Vogel G : Gene discovery offers tentative clues to Parkinson's. Science1997; 276 : 1973. 23. Zitterstr om RH, Solomin L, Jansson L et al : Dopamine neuron agencies in Nurr 1-deficient mice. Science1997; 276 : 248-249. 24. Pennisi E : Key protein found for brain's dopamine producing neurons. Science 1997; 276 : 202. 25. Kruger R, Kuhn W, Muller I et al : Ala 30 Pro mutation in the ? -synuclein in Parkinson's disease. Nat Genet 1998; 18 : 106-108. 26. Kitada T, Asakawa S, Hattori N et al : Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism. Nature1998; 392 : 605-608. 27. 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Nature1997; 386 : 395-398. 43. Berninger B, Poo Mu-Ming : Exciting neurotropins. Nature 1999; 401 : 862-863. 44. Nestler EJ : Schizophrenia. An emerging patho-physiology. Nature1997; 385 : 578-579. 45. Goldman-Rakic PS : Working memory and the mind. Scientific American 1992; 73-79. 46. Jones EG, Mendell LM : Assessing the decade of the brain. Science1999; 9284 : 739. 47. Wickelgren I : Getting a grasp of working memory. Science 1997; 275 : 1580-1582. 48. Ungerleider LG : Functional brain imaging studies of cortical mechanisms for memory. Science1995; 270 : 769-775. 49. Ackerman S : Discovering the Brain. National Academy Press, Washington DC. 1992. 50. Nyberg L, Mclntosh AR, Houle S et al : Activation of medial temporal structures during episodic memory retrieval. Nature1996; 380 : 715. 51. Haxby JV : Medial temporal lobe imaging. Nature1996; 380 : 669-670. 52. Frackowiak RSJ, Zeki S, Poline JB et al : A critique of a new analysis proposed for functional neuro-imaging. Eur J Neurosci 1996; 8 : 2229-2231. 53. Gabrieli JDE, Brewer JB, Desmond JE et al : Separate neural bases of two fundamental memory processes. Science1997; 276 : 264-266. 54. Frith CD, Friston KJ, Liddle PF et al : Willed action and the prefrontal cortex in man. A study with PET. Proceedings Royal Society London. B 1991; 1244 : 241-346. 55. Gevins Alan : High-resolution electroencephalographic studies of cognition. In Advances in Neurology 1995; 66 : 181-195. 56. Schacter D, Wagner AD : Remembrance of things past. Science1999; 285 : 1503-1504. 57. Malenka RC, Nicoll R : Long-term potentiation - a decade of progress? Science1999; 285 : 1870-1874. 58. Frackowiak RSJ : The functional architecture of the brain. Daedalus1998; 127 : 37-69. 59. Morris JS, Ohman A, Dolan RJ : Conscious and unconscious emotional learning and the human amygdala. Nature 1998; 393 : 467-470. 60. Smith EE, Jonides J : Storage and executive processes in the frontal lobes. Science1999; 283 : 1657-1661. 61. Shepherd GM, Mirsky JS, Healey MD et al : The human brain project neuroinformatics tools for integrating, searching and modeling multidisciplinary neuroscience data. Trends Neurosci 1998; 21 : 460-467. 62. Hymann SE : A new image for fear and emotion. Nature 1998; 393 : 417-418. 63. Churchland PS, Sejnowski TJ : The computational brain. The MIT Press/ Bradford Books. 1992. 64. Bower JM : Modelling the nervous system. Trends Neurosci 1992; 15 : 411-412. 65. Eckman FH, Bower JM : Computation and neural systems. Boston: Kluwer, 1993. 66. Tandon PN : Recent advances in neurobiology. New hopes for treatment of brain disorders. Annals Neuroscience1997; 6 : 1-4. 67. Zotterstrom RH, Solomin L, Jansson L et al : Dopamine neuronogenesis in Nurr 1 -deficient mice. Science1997; 276 : 248-249. 68. Pennisi E. Enzymes point way to potential Alzheimer's therapies. Science1999; 286 : 650-651. 69. Wickelgren I : A new route to treating schizophrenia. Science1998; 281 : 1264-1265. 70. Tandon PN : Restorative neurology. J Basic Appl Biomed 1995; 3 : 1-3. 71. Tandon PN : Neural transplantation. Promises and Problems. Proceedings Indian National Science Academy 1992; 58 : 1-16. 72. Tandon PN, Gopinath G : Clinical use of neural transplant. The unresolved problems. In Neural Transplantation, CNS Neuronal Injury and Regulation. Recent Advances eds. J Marwah, H Teitelbaum and K.N. Prasad. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1994; I-16. 73. Olanow CW, Kordower JH, Freeman TB : Fetal nigral transplantation as a therapy for Parkinson's disease. Trends Neurosci1996; 19 : 102-109. 74. Dunnett SB, Bjorklund A : Functional neural transplant. Raven, New York, 1994. 75. Lindvall O : Cerebral implantation in movement disorders. State of Art Movement Disorder 1999; 14 : 201-205. 76. Helmuth L : Fetal cells help Parkinson's patients. Science 1999; 286 : 886-887. 77. Piccini P, Brooks DJ, Bjorklund A et al : Dopamine release from nigral transplants visualized in vivo in a Parkinson's patient. Neuroscience1999; 2 : 1137-1140. 78. Pakzaban P, Isacson O : Neural xenotransplantation. Reconstruction of neuronal circuitry across species barrier. Neurosciences 1994; 62 : 989-1001. 79. Steele DJ, Auchincloss HJ : Xenotransplantation. Ann Rev Med1995; 46 : 345-360. 80. Deacon T, Schumacher J, Dinsmore J et al : Histological evidence of fetal pig neural cell survival after transplantation into a patient with Parkinson's disease. Nat Med 1997; 3 : 350-353. 81. Palmatier MA, Frydel BR, Enerich E el al : Biology of encapsulated cells; In vitro and In vivo survival and function. In neural transplantation, CNS neuronal injury and regeneration eds. J Marwah, H Teitelbaum and KN Prasad. CRC Press, Florida 1994; 225-242. 82. Prasad KN, Kentroto S, Carvalho E et al : Establishment of terminally differentiated neuroblastoma cells and immortalized cells in culture for neural transplant study. In Neural transplantation, CNS neuronal injury and regeneration eds. Marwah J, Teitelbaum H, Prasad KN. CRC Press. Florida 1994; 209-224. 83. Deglon N, Pochon N, Zurn A et al : Transplantation of genetically engineered polymer encapsulated cells for neurological diseases. Gene Ther1, 1994; 2 : 512. 84. Coghlan A : Parkinson's hopes stem from cell trigger. New Scientist 1997; 5 : 85. Marshall E : A versatile cell Iine raises scientific hopes, legal questions. Science1998; 282 : 1014-1015. 86. Beardsley T : Culturing new life stem cells lead the way to a new medical paradigm in tissue regeneration. Sci Am 1998; 11-12. 87. Gage FH : Cell therapy. Nature1998; 392 : 18-24. 88. Kempermann G, Gage FH : New neuro cells for the adult brain. Sci Am 1999; 48-53. 89. Barker RA, Dunnett SB : Neural repair, transplantation and rehabilitation. Psychology Press, Hove, UK. 1999. 90. Mallet J : Catecholamines from gene regulation to neuropsychiatric disorders. Trends Neurosci 1996; 19 : 191196. 91. Hashimoto M, Aruga J, Hosoya Y et al : A neural cell-type-specific expression system using recombinant adeno virus vectors. Hum Gene Ther 1996; 7 : 149-158. 92. Karpati G, Lochmuller H, Nalbantoglu J et al : The principles of gene therapy for nervous system. Trends Neurosci 1996; 19 : 49-53. 93. Price DL, Sisodia SS, Borchelt DR : Genetic neurodegenerative diseases. The human illness and transgenic animals. Science1998; 282 : 1079-1083. 94. Bahr M, Bonhoeffer F : Perspectives on axonal regeneration in the mammalian CNS. Trends Neurosci 1994; 17 : 473-479. 95. Tessier-Lavigne M, Goodman CS : The molecular biology of axon guidance. Science1996; 274 : 1123-1133. 96. Schwab ME, Bartholdi D : Degeneration and regeneration of axons in the lesioned spinal cord. 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