table of contents 
Most patients with chronic back pain in our sample were interested in …
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Table 1
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Potential Predictor Variables Evaluated in 28 Therapy-Specific Logistic Regression Models
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Dependent Variables for Logistic Regressions
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Potential Predictor Variable
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High Knowledge of Therapy*
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Prior Use of Therapy*
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Prior Use of Therapy for Back Pain*
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High Expectations of Success of Therapy*
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Likelihood of Trying Therapy at No Cost*
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Likelihood of Trying Therapy for $10 Co-pay**
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Geographic location (Boston vs. Seattle)
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X¶
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X
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X
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X
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X
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X
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| Age (65+ vs. |
X
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X
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X
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X
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X
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X
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Gender (female vs. male)
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X
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X
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X
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X
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X
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X
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Race (white, non-white)
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X
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X
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X
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X
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X
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X
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Education (no college vs. some college)
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X
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X
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X
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X
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X
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X
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≥ 5 years since first back pain
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X
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X
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X
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≥ 90 days of LBP in last 6 mo.
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X
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X
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X
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High symptom bothersomeness (7 – 10) on a 0 – 10 scale
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X
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X
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X
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High knowledge of therapy (4 or 5) on a 1 – 5 scale
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X
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X
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X
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Prior use of therapy
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X
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X
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X
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Prior use of therapy for back pain
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X
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X
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X
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High expectations of therapy (7 – 10) on a 0 – 10 scale
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X
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X
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Medication usage in past week
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X
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X
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Prior harm from therapy
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X
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X
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| * Separate models were done for each of the five therapies (acupuncture, chiropractic, massage, meditation, t'ai chi) ** Separate models were done for acupuncture, chiropractic, and massage. ¶An X indicates that a particular potential predictor variable was evaluated in a model with the specific dependent variable. |
Table 2
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Demographic and Back Pain Characteristics of 249 Survey Respondents
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Characteristic
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Percent
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Location (Boston)
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43
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| Age ( |
52
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Women
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60
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White
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80
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Attended some college
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57
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At least 5 years since first back pain lasting longer than 2 weeks
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60
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90+ days of LBP in last 6 mo.
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61
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High symptom bothersomeness in the past week (≥ 7) on 0 – 10 scale
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42
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Used medication for LBP in the past week
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56
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Expect pain to be similar in a year
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72
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| Missing data – last variable has 10 missing values (4% of all observations), 1 variable has 5 (2%), all others have 3 or fewer. |
Table 3
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Knowledge of, Experience with, Expectations about, and Willingness to Try Five CAM Therapies*
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Acupuncture
(N = 249)
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Chiropractic
(N = 249)
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Massage
(N = 249)
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Meditation
(N = 249)
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T'ai Chi
(N = 249)
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Knowledge about Therapy (%)
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69
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44
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52
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72
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91
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17
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22
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24
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15
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6
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4 – 5 (5="a lot of knowledge") |
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14
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34
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24
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13
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3
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Ever tried therapy (%)
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18
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54
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38
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27
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8
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Ever tried therapy for LBP (%)
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11
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45
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24
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7
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0.4
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Median helpfulness for LBP among prior users (0 to 10 scale)
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5
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6
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7
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5
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**
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Pain or harm reported by prior users (%)
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13
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23
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13
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5
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16
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Median expectation of helpfulness for current LBP (0 to 10 scale)
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5
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5
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7
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3
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5
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Did not provide expectation rating (%)
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25
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10
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9
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12
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24
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High expectations of helpfulness for current LBP (7 to 10 on 0 to 10 scale) (%)
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19
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28
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48
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15
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16
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Very likely to try therapy if primary care provider thought reasonable and no extra cost (%)
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64
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51
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69
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27
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41
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Very likely to try therapy if primary care provider thought reasonable and $10 co-pay (%)
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51
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42
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56
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NA
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NA
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| NA = Not Asked. * Each column refers to a specific therapy and the specific question about the therapy is shown in the first column. ** Only 1 person had tried t'ai chi for low back pain previously. All variables, except expectations of helpfulness of current LBP (where % are given in the table) have missing values for |
Table 4
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Predictors of Knowledge of, Experience with, Expectations about, and Willingness to Try Five Complementary and Alternative Medical (CAM) Therapies
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Odds ratios* (95% CI) for the independent predictor variables used in the final models for each CAM therapy
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Dependent Variable
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Acupuncture
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Chiropractic
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Massage
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Meditation
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T'ai chi
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High Knowledge of specific therapy (4–5)
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Tried acupuncture:
43.6 (16.7–113.6)
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Tried chiropractic:
12.8 (6.2–26.7)
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Tried massage:
7.6 (4.0 – 14.7)
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Tried meditation:
11.6 (4.6–29.3)
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LOGISTIC NOT VALID**
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Bostonian:
4.8 (1.9–12.3)
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Previously tried specific therapy
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No associations
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Bostonian:
0.5 (0.3 – 0.8)
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65+ yrs:
0.4 (0.2 – 0.7)
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Female:
2.5 (1.3 – 4.8)
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No associations
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Previously tried specific therapy for back pain
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No associations
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None
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65+ yrs:
0.3 (0.2 – 0.6)
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No associations
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LOGISTIC NOT VALID**
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High expectations of specific therapy (7 – 10)
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65+ yrs:
0.4(0.2 – 0.8)
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Knowledge:
2.9 (1.6 – 5.2)
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65+ yrs:
0.3 (0.2 – 0.5)
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No associations
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No associations
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Tried acupuncture:
4.3 (2.1 – 9.0)
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Very likely to try specific therapy for free
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High expectations:
15.4 (3.6 – 66.1)
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High expectations:
27.4 (9.5 – 79.3)
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High expectations:
16.4 (7.4 – 36.5)
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High expectations:
3.6 (1.7 – 7.7)
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High expectations:
14.3 (5.4 – 38.3)
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Tried meditation:
2.4 (1.3 – 4.5)
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Very likely to try specific therapy for $10 /visit co-pay
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High expectations:
6.8 (3.0 – 15.5)
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High expectations:
8.1 (4.2 – 15.7)
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High expectations:
6.4 (3.5 – 11.4)
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NOT QUERIED
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NOT QUERIED
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Bostonian:
2.3 (1.4 – 4.0)
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Bostonian:
1.8 (1.001 – 3.2)
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| *These odds ratios describe the significant associations (p |
Table 5
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Willingness to Participate in Clinical Trials of CAM Therapies for Low Back Pain and Preference for Therapies
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Percent
(N = 249)
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Definitely willing to participate in clinical trial of acupuncture, chiropractic, massage, and a self-help back pain book (%)*
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62
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Preferred treatment among above:
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Massage
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43
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Acupuncture
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35
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Chiropractic
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18
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None or Other
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3
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Book
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1
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Definitely willing to participate in clinical trial of massage, meditation, t'ai chi, and a self-help back pain book (%)**
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53
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Preferred treatment among above:
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Massage
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63
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T'ai Chi training
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24
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Book
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5
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Meditation training
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4
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None or Other
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4
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| Missing values – |
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