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Both authors contributed equally to this work.
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1 The abbreviations used are: KLH, keyhole limpet hemocyanin; GD3,
NeuAc(2
8)
NeuAc(2
3)
Gal(1
4)
Glc-Cer; ManNAc(Pr, Bu, Bz), N-acetyl(propionyl, butyryl, benzoyl)mannosamine; GD3Pr, GD3Bu, and GD3Bz are modified GD3 in which both N-Ac groups are replaced by N-Pr, N-Bu, and N-Bz groups, respectively; mAb, monoclonal antibody; PSA, polysialic acid; Bu(Ac, Pr, Bz)-SK-MEL-28, SK-MEL-28 cells treated with ManNBu (Ac, Pr, Bz) precursor; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CDC, complement dependent cytotoxicity; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; MS, mass spectroscopy.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We thank Dr. Jianjun Li and Don Krajcarsky for MS analysis and Marie-France Karwaski for the purification of enzymes.