The earthworm bioassay was able to assess reductions in metal bioavailability and …

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References
• Figures
• Table

Biology Articles » Agriculture » Assessment of Metal Availability in Smelter Soil Using Earthworms and Chemical Extractions » Figures

Figures

- Assessment of Metal Availability in Smelter Soil Using Earthworms and Chemical Extractions

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Fig. 1. Mean percent cumulative mortality (n = 3) of the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to Blackwell smelter soil receiving remediation amendments. Data points with the same letter at the same mortality observation time are not significantly different (Fisher's protected LSD, P > 0.05).

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Fig. 2. Comparison of Ca(NO₃)₂–extractable Zn in Blackwell contaminated soils, with and without amendments, and lethal Ca(NO₃)₂–extractable Zn in artificial soil toxicity test (from Conder and Lanno, 2000). The dark line represents the Ca(NO₃)₂–extractable Zn based, time-independent LC₅₀ (incipient lethal level, ILL) calculated from the artificial soil Zn toxicity test conducted with the earthworm Eisenia fetida; symbols indicate lethal soil–amendment combinations or artificial soils.

Fig. 3. Plant Root Simulator (PRS) chelating ion-exchange membrane Zn uptake in Blackwell smelter and Taloka reference soils receiving remediation amendments. Columns (mean, n = 4, ±95% CI) with the same letter are not significantly different (Fisher's protected LSD, P > 0.05); symbols indicate soil–amendment combinations lethal to the earthworm Eisenia fetida.