Login

Join for Free!
17222 members
Home Forum Dictionary Articles Tutorials Books Directory Share your work
table of contents table of contents

Biology Articles » Anatomy & Physiology » The Amygdaloid Complex: Anatomy and Physiology » References

References
- The Amygdaloid Complex: Anatomy and Physiology

  1. ADOLPHS R, TRANEL D, AND DAMASIO AR. The human amygdala in social judgment. Nature 393: 470–474, 1998.
  2. AGGLETON JP. The contribution of the amygdala to normal and abnormal emotional states. Trends Neurosci 16: 328–333, 1993.
  3. ALGER BE AND NICOLL RA. Feed-forward dendritic inhibition of rat hippocampal pyramidal cells studies in vitro. J Physiol 328: 105–123, 1982.
  4. ALHEID GF, DE OLMOS J, AND BELTRAMINO CA. Amygdala and extended amygdala. In: The Rat Nervous System, edited by Paxinos G. Orlando, FL: Academic, 1995, p. 495–578.
  5. ALHEID GF AND HEIMER L. New perspectives in basal forebrain organization of special relevance for neuropsychiatric disorders: the striatopallidal, amygdaloid, and corticopetal components of substantia innominata. Neuroscience 27: 1–39, 1988.
  6. ALONSO A AND LLINAS RR. Subthreshold Na+-dependent theta-like rhythmicity in stellate cells of entorhinal cortex layer II. Nature 342: 175–177, 1989.
  7. AMARAL DG AND INSAUSTI R. Retrograde transport of D-[3H]-aspartate injected into the monkey amygdaloid complex. Exp Brain Res 88: 375–388, 1992.
  8. AMARAL DG, PRICE JL, PITKäNEN A, AND CARMICHAEL ST. Anatomical organisation of the primate amygdaloid complex. In: The Amygdala: Neurobiological Aspects of Emotion, Memory and Mental Dysfunction, edited by Aggleton JP. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1992, p. 1–66.
  9. AMORAPANTH P, LEDOUX JE, AND NADER K. Different lateral amygdala outputs mediate reactions and actions elicited by a fear-arousing stimulus. Nat Neurosci 3: 74–79, 2000.
  10. ARONIADOU-ANDERJASKA V, POST RM, ROGAWSKI MA, AND LI H. Input-specific LTP and depotentiation in the basolateral amygdala. Neuroreport 12: 635–640, 2001.
  11. BECHARA A, TRANEL D, DAMASIO H, ADOLPHS R, ROCKLAND C, AND DAMASIO AR. Double dissociation of conditioning and declarative knowledge relative to the amygdala and hippocampus in humans. Science 269: 1115–1118, 1995.
  12. BEHAN M AND HABERLY LB. Intrinsic and efferent connections of the endopiriform nucleus in rat. J Comp Neurol 408: 532–548, 1999.
  13. BEHBEHANI MM. Functional characteristics of the midbrain periaqueductal gray. Prog Neurobiol 46: 575–605, 1995.
  14. BELLGOWAN PS AND HELMSTETTER FJ. Neural systems for the expression of hypoalgesia during nonassociative fear. Behav Neurosci 110: 727–736, 1996.
  15. BERNARD JF, ALDEN M, AND BESSON JM. The organization of the efferent projections from the pontine parabrachial area to the amygdaloid complex: a Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) study in the rat. J Comp Neurol 329: 201–229, 1993.
  16. BERNARD JF, PESCHANSKI M, AND BESSON JM. A possible spino (trigemino)-ponto-amygdaloid pathway for pain. Neurosci Lett 100: 83–88, 1989.
  17. BLANCHARD DC AND BLANCHARD RJ. Innate and conditioned reactions to threat in rats with amygdaloid lesions. J Comp Physiol Psychol 81: 281–290, 1972.
  18. BLISS TVP AND COLLINGRIDGE GL. A synaptic model of memory: long term potentiation in the hippocampus. Nature 361: 31–39, 1993.
  19. BORDI F AND LEDOUX JE. Response properties of single units in areas of rat auditory thalamus that project to the amygdala. II. Cells receiving convergent auditory and somatosensory inputs and cells antidromically activated by amygdala stimulation. Exp Brain Res 98: 275–286, 1994.
  20. BROWN JS, KALISH HI, AND FARBER IE. Conditioned fear as revealed by magnitude of startle response to an auditory stimulus. J Exp Psychol 41: 317–328, 1951.
  21. BROWN S AND SCHAFER A. An investigation into the functions of the occipital and temporal lobes of the monkey's brain. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 179: 303–327, 1888.
  22. CAHILL L, VAZDARJANOVA A, AND SETLOW B. The basolateral amygdala complex is involved with, but is not necessary for, rapid acquisition of Pavlovian "fear conditioning." Eur J Neurosci 12: 3044–3050, 2000.
  23. CAHILL L, WEINBERGER NM, ROOZENDAAL B, AND MCGAUGH JL. Is the amygdala a locus of "conditioned fear"? Some questions and caveats. Neuron 23: 227–228, 1999.
  24. CAMPEAU S AND DAVIS M. Involvement of subcortical and cortical afferents to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala in fear conditioning measured with fear-potentiated startle in rats trained concurrently with auditory and visual conditioned stimuli. J Neurosci 15: 2312–2327, 1995.
  25. CANNON WB. The James-Lange theory of emotion: a critical examination and an alternative theory. Am J Phychol 39: 106–124, 1927.
  26. CANTERAS NS AND SWANSON LW. Projections of the ventral subiculum to the amygdala, septum, and hypothalamus: a PHAL anterograde tract-tracing study in the rat. J Comp Neurol 324: 180–194, 1992.
  27. CARDINAL RN, PARKINSON JA, HALL J, AND EVERITT BJ. Emotion and motivation: the role of the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 26: 321–352, 2002.
  28. CARLSEN J. Immunocytochemical localization of glutamate decarboxylase in the rat basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, with special reference to GABAergic innervation of amygdalostriatal projection neurons. J Comp Neurol 273: 513–526, 1988.
  29. CASSELL MD AND GRAY TS. Morphology of peptide-immunoreactive neurons in the rat central nucleus of the amygdala. J Comp Neurol 281: 320–333, 1989.
  30. CASSELL MD, GRAY TS, AND KISS JZ. Neuronal architecture in the rat central nucleus of the amygdala: a cytological, hodological, and immunocytochemical study. J Comp Neurol 246: 478–499, 1986.
  31. CASTILLO PE, MALENKA RC, AND NICOLL RA. Kainate receptors mediate a slow postsynaptic current in hippocampal CA3 neurons. Nature 388: 182–186, 1997.
  32. CHAPMAN PF AND BELLAVANCE LL. Induction of long-term potentiation in the basolateral amygdala does not depend on NMDA receptor activation. Synapse 11: 310–318, 1992.
  33. CHAPMAN PF, KAIRISS EW, KEENAN CL, AND BROWN TH. Long-term synaptic potentiation in the amygdala. Synapse 6: 271–278, 1990.
  34. CHAPMAN WP, SCHROEDER HR, GUYER G, BRAZIER MAB, FAGER C, AND POPPEN JL. Physiological evidence concerning the importance of the amygdaloid nuclear region in the integration of circulating function and emotion in man. Science 129: 949–950, 1954.
  35. CHEN J AND LANG EJ. Inhibitory role of K(Ca) channels in the lateral amygdaloid (LAT) nucleus. Soc Neurosci Abstr 26: 1726, 2000.
  36. CLUGNET MC AND LEDOUX JE. Synaptic plasticity in fear conditioning circuits: induction of LTP in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala by stimulation of the medial geniculate body. J Neurosci 10: 2818–2824, 1990.
  37. CONNORS BW AND GUTNICK MJ. Intrinsic firing patterns of diverse neocortical neurons. Trends Neurosci 13: 99–103, 1990.
  38. CULL-CANDY S, BRICKLEY S, AND FARRANT M. NMDA receptor subunits: diversity, development and disease. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11: 327–335, 2001.
  39. DANOBER L AND PAPE HC. Mechanisms and functional significance of a slow inhibitory potential in neurons of the lateral amygdala. Eur J Neurosci 10: 853–867, 1998.
  40. DARWIN C. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Chicago, IL: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1872.
  41. DAVIS M. The role of the amygdala in fear and anxiety. Annu Rev Neurosci 15: 353–375, 1992.
  42. DAVIS M, RAINNIE D, AND CASSELL M. Neurotransmission in the rat amygdala related to fear and anxiety. Trends Neurosci 17: 208–214, 1994.
  43. DAVIS M AND WHALEN PJ. The amygdala: vigilance and emotion. Mol Psychiatry 6: 13–34, 2001.
  44. DAY HE, CURRAN EJ, WATSON SJ JR, AND AKIL H. Distinct neurochemical populations in the rat central nucleus of the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis: evidence for their selective activation by interleukin-1beta. J Comp Neurol 413: 113–128, 1999.
  45. DAYAS CV, BULLER KM, AND DAY TA. Neuroendocrine responses to an emotional stressor: evidence for involvement of the medial but not the central amygdala. Eur J Neurosci 11: 2312–2322, 1999.
  46. DELANEY AJ AND SAH P. GABA receptors inhibited by benzodiazepines mediate fast inhibitory transmission in the central amygdala. J Neurosci 19: 9698–9704, 1999.
  47. DELANEY AJ AND SAH P. Pathway-specific targeting of GABA(A) receptor subtypes to somatic and dendritic synapses in the central amygdala. J Neurophysiol 86: 717–723, 2001.
  48. DE OLMOS J, HARDY H, AND HEIMER L. Amygdala. In: The Rat Nervous System, edited by Paxinos G. Sydney, Australia: Academic, 1985, p. 317–223.
  49. DONG HW, PETROVICH GD, AND SWANSON LW. Topography of projections from amygdala to bed nuclei of the stria terminalis. Brain Res 38: 192–246, 2001.
  50. DUMONT EC, MARTINA M, SAMSON RD, DROLET G, AND PARé D. Physiological properties of central amygdala neurons: species differences. Eur J Neurosci 15: 544–552, 2002.
  51. DUNN LT AND EVERITT BJ. Double dissociations of the effects of amygdala and insular cortex lesions on conditioned taste aversion, passive avoidance, and neophobia in the rat using the excitotoxin ibotenic acid. Behav Neurosci 102: 3–23, 1988.
  52. DUTAR P AND NICOLL RA. A physiological role for GABAB receptors in the CNS. Nature 332: 156–158, 1988.
  53. EVERITT BJ, CARDINAL RN, HALL J, PARKINSON JA, AND ROBBINS TW. Differential involvement of amygdala subsystems in appetitive conditioning and drug addiction. In: The Amygdala: A Functional Analysis (2nd ed.), edited by Aggleton JP. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2000, p. 353–390.
  54. EVERITT BJ, MORRIS KA, O'BRIEN A, AND ROBBINS TW. The basolateral amygdala-ventral striatal system and conditioned place preference: further evidence of limbic-striatal interactions underlying reward-related processes. Neuroscience 42: 1–18, 1991.
  55. EVERITT BJ AND ROBBINS TW. The Amygdala: Neurobiological Aspects of Emotion, Memory and Memory Dysfunction, edited by J. Aggleton. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1992.
  56. FABER ESL, CALLISTER RJ, AND SAH P. Morphological and electrophysiological properties of principal neurons in the rat lateral amygdala in vitro. J Neurophysiol 85: 714–723, 2001.
  57. FABER ESL AND SAH P. Physiological role of calcium-activated potassium currents in the rat lateral amygdala. J Neurosci 22: 1618–1628, 2002.
  58. FARB CR, AOKI C, AND LEDOUX JE. Differential localization of NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits in the lateral and basal nuclei of the amygdala: a light and electron microscopic study. J Comp Neurol 362: 86–108, 1995.
  59. FARB CR AND LEDOUX JE. NMDA and AMPA receptors in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala are postsynaptic to auditory thalamic afferents. Synapse 27: 106–121, 1997.
  60. FARB CR AND LEDOUX JE. Afferents from rat temporal cortex synapse on lateral amygdala neurons that express NMDA and AMPA receptors. Synapse 33: 218–229, 1999.
  61. FAULKNER B AND BROWN TH. Morphology and physiology of neurons in the rat perirhinal-lateral amydala area. J Comp Neurol 411: 613–642, 1999.
  62. FENDT M. Injections of the NMDA receptor antagonist aminophosphonopentanoic acid into the lateral nucleus of the amygdala block the expression of fear-potentiated startle and freezing. J Neurosci 21: 4111–4115, 2001.
  63. FENDT M AND FANSELOW MS. The neuroanatomical and neurochemical basis of conditioned fear. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 23: 743–760, 1999.
  64. FONBERG E. Effect of partial destruction of the amygdaloid complex on the emotional-defensive behaviour of dogs. Bull Acad Pol Sci Biol 13: 429–432, 1965.
  65. FUNAHASHI M, MATSUO R, AND STEWART M. Propagation of synchronous burst discharges from entorhinal cortex to morphologically and electrophysiologically identified neurons of rat lateral amygdala. Brain Res 884: 104–115, 2000.
  66. GALLAGHER M, GRAHAM PW, AND HOLLAND PC. The amygdala central nucleus and appetitive Pavlovian conditioning: lesions impair one class of conditioned behavior. J Neurosci 10: 1906–1911, 1990.
  67. GAURIAU C AND BERNARD JF. Pain pathways and parabrachial circuits in the rat. Exp Physiol 87: 251–258, 2002.
  68. GEWIRTZ JC AND DAVIS M. Second-order fear conditioning prevented by blocking NMDA receptors in amygdala. Nature 388: 471–474, 1997.
  69. GLOOR P. Amygdala. In: Handbook of Physiology. Neurophysiology. Washington, DC: Am Physiol Soc, 1960, sect. 1, vol. II, p. 1395–1420.
  70. GLOOR P. Experiential phenomena of temporal lobe epilepsy. Facts and hypotheses. Brain 113: 1673–1694, 1990.
  71. GODDARD G. Functions of the amygdala. Psychol Bull 62: 89–109, 1964.
  72. GOOSENS KA AND MAREN S. Contextual and auditory fear conditioning are mediated by the lateral, basal, and central amygdaloid nuclei in rats. Learn Mem 8: 148–155, 2001.
  73. HALL E. The amygdala of the cat: a Golgi study. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 134: 439–458, 1972.
  74. HAN JS, HOLLAND PC, AND GALLAGHER M. Disconnection of the amygdala central nucleus and substantia innominata/nucleus basalis disrupts increments in conditioned stimulus processing in rats. Behav Neurosci 113: 143–151, 1999.
  75. HEINBOCKEL T AND PAPE HC. Input-specific long-term depression in the lateral amygdala evoked by theta frequency stimulation. J Neurosci 20: RC68, 2000.
  76. HELMSTETTER FJ. The amygdala is essential for the expression of conditional hypoalgesia. Behav Neurosci 106: 518–528, 1992.
  77. HELMSTETTER FJ AND BELLGOWAN PS. Effects of muscimol applied to the basolateral amygdala on acquisition and expression of contextual fear conditioning in rats. Behav Neurosci 108: 1005–1009, 1994.
  78. HITCHCOCK J AND DAVIS M. Lesions of the amygdala, but not of the cerebellum or red nucleus, block conditioned fear as measured with the potentiated startle paradigm. Behav Neurosci 100: 11–22, 1986.
  79. HITCHCOCK JM AND DAVIS M. Efferent pathway of the amygdala involved in conditioned fear as measured with the fear-potentiated startle paradigm. Behav Neurosci 105: 826–842, 1991.
  80. HOLLAND PC AND GALLAGHER M. Amygdala central nucleus lesions disrupt increments, but not decrements, in conditioned stimulus processing. Behav Neurosci 107: 246–253, 1993.
  81. HOLLAND PC AND GALLAGHER M. Effects of amygdala central nucleus lesions on blocking and unblocking. Behav Neurosci 107: 235–245, 1993.
  82. HOLLAND PC AND GALLAGHER M. Amygdala circuitry in attentional and representational processes. Trends Cogn Sci 3: 65–73, 1999.
  83. HOLLMANN M AND HEINEMANN S. Cloned glutamate receptors. Annu Rev Neurosci 17: 31–108, 1994.
  84. HUANG YY AND KANDEL ER. Postsynaptic induction and PKA-dependent expression of LTP in the lateral amygdala. Neuron 21: 169–178, 1998.
  85. ISAACSON JS AND MURPHY GJ. Glutamate-mediated extrasynaptic inhibition: direct coupling of NMDA receptors to Ca2+-activated K+ channels. Neuron 31: 1027–1034, 2001.
  86. IWATA J, CHIDA K, AND LEDOUX JE. Cardiovascular responses elicited by stimulation of neurons in the central amygdaloid nucleus in awake but not anesthetized rats resemble conditioned emotional responses. Brain Res 418: 183–188, 1987.
  87. JAMES W. What is an emotion? Mind 9: 188–205, 1884.
  88. JAMES W. Principles of Psychology. New York: Holt, 1890.
  89. JOHNSTON GAR. GABAA receptor pharmacology. Pharmacol Ther 69: 173–198, 1996.
  90. JOHNSTON GAR. GABAC receptors: relatively simple transmitter-gated ion channels? Trends Pharmacol Sci 17: 319–323, 1996.
  91. JOHNSTON JB. Further contributions to the study of the evolution of the forebrain. J Comp Neurol 35: 337–481, 1923.
  92. JOLKKONEN E AND PITKäNEN A. Intrinsic connections of the rat amygdaloid complex: projections originating in the central nucleus. J Comp Neurol 395: 53–72, 1998.
  93. JONAS P, RACCA C, SAKMANN B, SEEBURG PH, AND MONYER H. Differences in Ca2+ permeability of AMPA-type glutamate receptor channels in neocortical neurons caused by differential GluR-B subunit expression. Neuron 12: 1281–1289, 1994.
  94. KAADA BR. Somato-motor, autonomic, and electroencephalo-graphic responses to electrical stimulation of "rhinencephalic" and other structures in primates, cat, and dog. A study of responses from the limbic, subcallodal, orbito-insular, piriform and temporal cortex, hippocampus-fornix, and amygdala. Acta Physiol Scand 23: 1–285, 1951.
  95. KAMAL AM AND TÖMBÖL T. Golgi studies on the amygdaloid nuclei of the cat. J Hirnforsch 16: 175–201, 1975.
  96. KAPP BS. Amygdaloid contributions to conditioned arousal and sensory information processing. In: The Amygdala: Neurobiological Aspects of Emotion, Memory and Mental Dysfunction, edited by Aggleton JP. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1992, p. 229–254.
  97. KAPP BS, GALLAGHER M, UNDERWOOD MD, MCNALL CL, AND WHITE-HORN D. Cardiovascular responses elicited by electrical stimulation of the amygdala central nucleus in the rabbit. Brain Res 234: 251–262, 1982.
  98. KEMPPAINEN S AND PITKANEN A. Distribution of parvalbumin, calretinin, and calbindin-D(28k) immunoreactivity in the rat amygdaloid complex and colocalization with gamma-aminobutyric acid. J Comp Neurol 426: 441–467, 2000.
  99. KILLCROSS S, ROBBINS TW, AND EVERITT BJ. Different types of fear-conditioned behaviour mediated by separate nuclei within amygdala. Nature 388: 377–380, 1997.
  100. KIM JJ, DECOLA JP, LANDEIRA-FERNANDEZ J, AND FANSELOW MS. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist APV blocks acquisition but not expression of fear conditioning. Behav Neurosci 105: 126–133, 1991.
  101. KLüVER H AND BUCY PC. Preliminary analysis of the temporal lobes in monkeys. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 42: 979–100, 1939.
  102. KLüVER H AND BUCY PC. "Psychic blindness" and other symptoms following bilateral temporal lobectomy in rhesus monkeys. Am J Physiol 119: 352–353, 1937.
  103. KOYAMA S, KUBO C, RHEE JS, AND AKAIKE N. Presynaptic serotonergic inhibition of GABAergic synaptic transmission in mechanically dissociated rat basolateral amygdala neurons. J Physiol 518: 525–538, 1999.
  104. KOYAMA S, MATSUMOTO N, KUBO C, AND AKAIKE N. Presynaptic 5-HT3 receptor-mediated modulation of synaptic GABA release in the mechanically dissociated rat amygdala neurons. J Physiol 529: 373–383, 2000.
  105. KRETTEK JE AND PRICE JL. A description of the amygdaloid complex in the rat and cat with observations on intra-amygdaloid axonal connections. J Comp Neurol 178: 255–280, 1978.
  106. LABAR KS, LEDOUX JE, SPENCER DD, AND PHELPS EA. Impaired fear conditioning following unilateral temporal lobectomy in humans. J Neurosci 15: 6846–6855, 1995.
  107. LANG EJ AND PARé D. Similar inhibitory processes dominate the responses of cat lateral amygdaloid projection neurons to their various afferents. J Neurophysiol 77: 341–352, 1997.
  108. LANG EJ AND PARé D. Synaptic and synaptically activated intrinsic conductances underlie inhibitory potentials in cat lateral amygdaloid projection neurons in vivo. J Neurophysiol 77: 353–363, 1997.
  109. LANG EJ AND PARé D. Synaptic responsiveness of interneurons of the cat lateral amygdaloid nucleus. Neuroscience 83: 877–889, 1998.
  110. LANG PJ, DAVIS M, AND OHMAN A. Fear and anxiety: animal models and human cognitive psychophysiology. J Affect Disord 61: 137–159, 2000.
  111. LANGE CG. The mechanisms of emotion. In: The Classical Psychologists, edited by Rand B. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1887, p. 672–684.
  112. LARKMAN A AND MASON A. Correlations between morphology and electrophysiology of pyramidal neurons in slices of rat visual cortex. I. Establishment of cell classes. J Neurosci 10: 1407–1414, 1990.
  113. LEDOUX J. Fear and the brain: where have we been, and where are we going? Biol Psychiatry 44: 1229–1238, 1998.
  114. LEDOUX JE. The Emotional Brain. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996.
  115. LEDOUX JE. Emotion circuits in the brain. Annu Rev Neurosci 23: 155–184, 2000.
  116. LEDOUX JE, CICCHETTI P, XAGORARIS A, AND ROMANSKI LM. The lateral amygdaloid nucleus: sensory interface of the amygdala in fear conditioning. J Neurosci 10: 1062–1069, 1990.
  117. LEDOUX JE, FARB C, AND RUGGIERO DA. Topographic organization of neurons in the acoustic thalamus that project to the amygdala. J Neurosci 10: 1043–1054, 1990.
  118. LEDOUX JE, FARB CR, AND ROMANSKI LM. Overlapping projections to the amygdala and striatum from auditory processing areas of the thalamus and cortex. Neurosci Lett 134: 139–144, 1991.
  119. LEDOUX JE, IWATA J, CICCHETTI P, AND REIS DJ. Different projections of the central amygdaloid nucleus mediate autonomic and behavioural correlates of conditioned fear. J Neurosci 8: 2517–2529, 1988.
  120. LEDOUX JE, RUGGIERO DA, FOREST R, STORNETTA R, AND REIS DJ. Topographic organization of convergent projections to the thalamus from the inferior colliculus and spinal cord in the rat. J Comp Neurol 264: 123–146, 1987.
  121. LEDOUX JE, SAKAGUCHI A, IWATA J, AND REIS DJ. Interruption of projections from the medial geniculate body to an archi-neostriatal field disrupts the classical conditioning of emotional responses to acoustic stimuli. Neuroscience 17: 615–627, 1986.
  122. LEE HJ, CHOI JS, BROWN TH, AND KIM JJ. Amygdalar NMDA receptors are critical for the expression of multiple conditioned fear responses. J Neurosci 21: 4116–4124, 2001.
  123. LE GAL LA SALLE G. Amygdaloid kindling in the rat: regional diffferences and general properties. In: Kindling 2, edited by Wada JA. New York: Raven, 1981, p. 31–44.
  124. LEHMANN H, TREIT D, AND PARENT MB. Amygdala lesions do not impair shock-probe avoidance retention performance. Behav Neurosci 114: 107–116, 2000.
  125. LI H, CHEN A, XING G, WEI ML, AND ROGAWSKI MA. Kainate receptor-mediated heterosynaptic facilitation in the amygdala. Nat Neurosci 4: 612–620, 2001.
  126. LI H AND ROGAWSKI MA. GluR5 kainate receptor mediated synaptic transmission in rat basolateral amygdala in vitro. Neuropharmacology 37: 1279–1286, 1998.
  127. LI XF, PHILLIPS R, AND LEDOUX JE. NMDA and non-NMDA receptors contribute to synaptic transmission between the medial geniculate body and the lateral nucleus of the amygdala. Exp Brain Res 105: 87–100, 1995.
  128. LIN HC, WANG SJ, LUO MZ, AND GEAN PW. Activation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors induces long-term depression of synaptic transmission in the rat amygdala. J Neurosci 20: 9017–9024, 2000.
  129. LINKE R, BRAUNE G, AND SCHWEGLER H. Differential projection of the posterior paralaminar thalamic nuclei to the amygdaloid complex in the rat. Exp Brain Res 134: 520–532, 2000.
  130. LOPEZ DE ARMENTIA M AND SAH P. Excitatory projections to the central lateral nucleus of the amygdala in the rat. Soc Neurosci Abstr 713: 2, 2001.
  131. LUSKIN MB AND PRICE JL. The topographic organization of associational fibers of the olfactory system in the rat, including centrifugal fibers to the olfactory bulb. J Comp Neurol 216: 264–291, 1983.
  132. MACDERMOTT AB, ROLE LW, AND SIEGELBAUM SA. Presynaptic ionotropic receptors and the control of transmitter release. Annu Rev Neurosci 22: 443–485, 1999.
  133. MADISON DV, MALENKA RC, AND NICOLL RA. Mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission. Annu Rev Neurosci 14: 379–397, 1991.
  134. MAGEE JC AND JOHNSTON D. A synaptically controlled, associative signal for Hebbian plasticity in hippocampal neurons. Science 275: 209–213, 1997.
  135. MAHANTY NK AND SAH P. Calcium-permeable AMPA receptors mediate long-term potentiation in interneurons in the amygdala. Nature 394: 683–687, 1998.
  136. MAHANTY NK AND SAH P. Excitatory synaptic inputs to pyramidal neurons of the lateral amygdala. Eur J Neurosci 11: 1217–1222, 1999.
  137. MALENKA RC, KAUER JA, PERKEL DJ, MAUK MD, KELLY PT, NICOLL RA, AND WAXHAM MN. An essential role for postsynaptic calmodulin and protein kinase activity in long-term potentiation. Nature 340: 554–557, 1989.
  138. MALENKA RC, KAUER JA, PERKEL DJ, AND NICOLL RA. The impact of postsynaptic calcium on synaptic transmission: its role in long term potentiation. Trends Neurosci 12: 444–450, 1989.
  139. MALENKA RC AND NICOLL RA. Long-term potentiation: a decade of progress? Science 285: 1870–1874, 1999.
  140. MAREN S. Long-term potentiation in the amygdala: a mechanism for emotional learning and memory. Trends Neurosci 22: 561–567, 1999.
  141. MAREN S. Neurobiology of Pavlovian fear conditioning. Annu Rev Neurosci 24: 897–931, 2001.
  142. MAREN S, AHARONOV G, AND FANSELOW MS. Retrograde abolition of conditional fear after excitotoxic lesions in the basolateral amygdala of rats: absence of a temporal gradient. Behav Neurosci 110: 718–726, 1996.
  143. MAREN S AND FANSELOW MS. Synaptic plasticity in the basolateral amygdala induced by hippocampal formation stimulation in vivo. J Neurosci 15: 7548–7564, 1995.
  144. MARTINA M, ROYER S, AND PARé D. Physiological properties of central medial and central lateral amygdala neurons. J Neurophysiol 82: 1843–1854, 1999.
  145. MASCAGNI F, MCDONALD AJ, AND COLEMAN JR. Corticoamygdaloid and corticocortical projections of the rat temporal cortex: a Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin study. Neuroscience 57: 697–715, 1993.
  146. MAYER ML, WESTBROOK GL, AND GUTHRIE PB. Voltage-dependent block by Mg2+ of NMDA responses in spinal cord neurones. Nature 309: 263, 1984.
  147. MCBAIN CJ AND MAYER ML. NMDA receptor structure and function. Physiol Rev 74: 723–760, 1994.
  148. MCCORMICK DA, CONNORS BW, LIGHTHALL JW, AND PRINCE DA. Comparative electrophysiology of pyramidal and sparsely spiny stellate neurons of the neocortex. J Neurophysiol 54: 782–806, 1985.
  149. MCDONALD AJ. Cytoarchitecture of the central amygdaloid nucleus of the rat. J Comp Neurol 208: 401–418, 1982.
  150. MCDONALD AJ. Neurons of the lateral and basolateral amygdaloid nuclei: a Golgi study in the rat. J Comp Neurol 212: 293–312, 1982.
  151. MCDONALD AJ. Neurons of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis: a Golgi study in the rat. Brain Res Bull 10: 111–120, 1983.
  152. MCDONALD AJ. Cytoarchitecture of the nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract: a Golgi study in the rat. Brain Res Bull 10: 497–503, 1983.
  153. MCDONALD AJ. Neuronal organisation of the lateral and basolateral amygdaloid nuclei of the rat. J Comp Neurol 222: 589–606, 1984.
  154. MCDONALD AJ. Topographical organization of amygdaloid projections to the caudatoputamen, nucleus accumbens, and related striatal-like areas of the rat brain. Neuroscience 44: 15–33, 1991.
  155. MCDONALD AJ. Projection neurons of the basolateral amygdala: a correlative Golgi and retrograde tract tracing study. Brain Res Bull 28: 179–185, 1992.
  156. MCDONALD AJ. Cell types and intrinsic connections of the amygdala. In: The Amygdala: Neurobiological Aspects of Emotion, Memory and Mental Dysfunction, edited by Aggleton JP. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1992, p. 67–96.
  157. MCDONALD AJ. Localization of AMPA glutamate receptor subunits in subpopulations of non-pyramidal neurons in the rat basolateral amygdala. Neurosci Lett 208: 175–178, 1996.
  158. MCDONALD AJ. Calbindin-D28k immunoreactivity in the rat amygdala. J Comp Neurol 383: 231–244, 1997.
  159. MCDONALD AJ. Cortical pathways to the mammalian amygdala. Prog Brain Res 55: 257–332, 1998.
  160. MCDONALD AJ AND AUGUSTINE JR. Localization of GABA-like immunoreactivity in the monkey amygdala. Neuroscience 52: 281–294, 1993.
  161. MCDONALD AJ AND BETETTE RL. Parvalbumin-containing neurons in the rat basolateral amygdala: morphology and co-localization of Calbindin-D(28k). Neuroscience 102: 413–425, 2001.
  162. MCDONALD AJ AND JACKSON TR. Amygdaloid connections with posterior insular and temporal cortical areas in the rat. J Comp Neurol 262: 59–77, 1987.
  163. MCDONALD AJ AND MASCAGNI F. Colocalization of calcium-binding proteins and GABA in neurons of the rat basolateral amygdala. Neuroscience 105: 681–693, 2001.
  164. MCDONALD AJ AND MASCAGNI F. Projections of the lateral entorhinal cortex to the amygdala: a Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin study in the rat. Neuroscience 77: 445–459, 1997.
  165. MCDONALD AJ, MASCAGNI F, AND GUO L. Projections of the medial and lateral prefrontal cortices to the amygdala: a Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin study in the rat. Neuroscience 71: 55–75, 1996.
  166. MCDONALD RJ AND WHITE NM. A triple dissociation of memory systems: hippocampus, amygdala, and dorsal striatum. Behav Neurosci 107: 3–22, 1993.
  167. MCGAUGH J. Memory consolidation and the amygdala: a systems perspective. Trends Neurosci 25: 456, 2002.
  168. MCGAUGH JL. Amygdala: role in modulation of memory storage. In: The Amygdala: A Functional Analysis, edited by Aggleton JP. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2000, p. 391–424.
  169. MCGAUGH JL, CAHILL L, AND ROOZENDAAL B. Involvement of the amygdala in memory storage: interaction with other brain systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 13508–13514, 1996.
  170. MCGREGOR A AND ROBERTS DC. Dopaminergic antagonism within the nucleus accumbens or the amygdala produces differential effects on intravenous cocaine self-administration under fixed and progressive ratio schedules of reinforcement. Brain Res 624: 245–252, 1993.
  171. MCKERNAN MG AND SHINNICK-GALLAGHER P. Fear conditioning induces a lasting potentiation of synaptic currents in vitro. Nature 390: 607–611, 1997.
  172. MCLEAN PD. Psychosomatic disease an the "visceral brain." Psychosom Med 11: 338–353, 1949.
  173. MILLHOUSE OE. The intercalated cells of the amygdala. J Comp Neurol 247: 246–271, 1986.
  174. MILLHOUSE OE AND DEOLMOS J. Neuronal configurations in lateral and basolateral amygdala. Neuroscience 10: 1269–1300, 1983.
  175. MILNER B, SQUIRE LR, AND KANDEL ER. Cognitive neuroscience and the study of memory. Neuron 20: 445–468, 1998.
  176. MISERENDINO MJD, SANANES CB, MELIA KR, AND DAVIS M. Blocking of acquisition but not expression of conditioned fear-potentiated startle by NMDA antagonists in the amygdala. Nature 345: 716–718, 1990.
  177. MOGA MM AND GRAY TS. Evidence for corticotropin-releasing factor, neurotensin, and somatostatin in the neural pathway from the central nucleus of the amygdala to the parabrachial nucleus. J Comp Neurol 241: 275–284, 1985.
  178. MOGA MM, HERBERT H, HURLEY KM, YASUI Y, GRAY TS, AND SAPER CB. Organization of cortical, basal forebrain, and hypothalamic afferents to the parabrachial nucleus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 295: 624–661, 1990.
  179. MONYER H, BURNASHEV N, LAURIE DJ, SAKMANN B, AND SEEBURG PH. Developmental and regional expression in the rat brain and functional properties of four NMDA receptors. Neuron 12: 529–540, 1994.
  180. MORRIS R, FREY S, KASAMBIRA T, AND PETRIDES M. Ibotenic acid lesions of the basolateral, but not the central, amygdala interfere with conditioned taste aversion: evidence from a combined behavioral and anatomical tract-tracing investigation. Behav Neurosci 113: 291–302, 1999.
  181. MULLER J, CORODIMAS KP, FRIDEL Z, AND LEDOUX JE. Functional inactivation of the lateral and basal nuclei of the amygdala by muscimol infusion prevents fear conditioning to an explicit conditioned stimulus and to contextual stimuli. Behav Neurosci 111: 683–691, 1997.
  182. NACHMAN M AND ASHE JH. Effects of basolateral amygdala lesions on neophobia, learned taste aversions, and sodium appetite in rats. J Comp Physiol Psychol 87: 622–643, 1974.
  183. NADER K AND LE DOUX JE. Is it time to invoke multiple fear learning systems in the amygdala? Trends Cogn Sci 1: 241–244, 1997.
  184. NADER K, MAJIDISHAD P, AMORAPANTH P, AND LEDOUX JE. Damage to the lateral and central, but not other, amygdaloid nuclei prevents the acquisition of auditory fear conditioning. Learn Mem 8: 156–163, 2001.
  185. NAKASHIMA M, UEMURA M, YASUI K, OZAKI HS, TABATA S, AND TAEN A. An anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing study on the projections from the thalamic gustatory area in the rat: distribution of neurons projecting to the insular cortex and amygdaloid complex. Neurosci Res 36: 297–309, 2000.
  186. NEUGEBAUER V, ZINEBI F, RUSSELL R, GALLAGHER JP, AND SHINNICK-GALLAGHER P. Cocaine and kindling alter the sensitivity of group II and III metabotropic glutamate receptors in the central amygdala. J Neurophysiol 84: 759–770, 2000.
  187. NICOLL RA AND MALENKA RC. Contrasting properties of two forms of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus. Nature 377: 115–118, 1995.
  188. NIEHOFF DL AND KUHAR MJ. Benzodiazepine receptors: localization in rat amygdala. J Neurosci 3: 2091–2097, 1983.
  189. NITECKA L AND BEN-ARI Y. Distribution of GABA-like immunoreactivity in the rat amygdaloid complex. J Comp Neurol 266: 45–55, 1987.
  190. NOSE I, HIGASHI H, INOKUCHI H, AND NISHI S. Synaptic responses of guinea pig and rat central amygdala neurons in vitro. J Neurophysiol 65: 1227–1241, 1991.
  191. NOWAK L, BREGESTOVSKI P, ASCHER P, HERBET A, AND PROCHIANTZ A. Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurones. Nature 307: 462–465, 1984.
  192. NUTT DJ AND MALIZIA AL. New insights into the role of the GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptor in psychiatric disorder. Br J Psychiatry 179: 390–396, 2001.
  193. OTTERSEN OP. Afferent connections to the amygdaloid complex of the rat with some observations in the cat. III. Afferents from the lower brain stem. J Comp Neurol 202: 335–356, 1981.
  194. OTTERSEN OP, FISCHER BO, RINVIK E, AND STORM-MATHISEN J. Putative amino acid transmitters in the amygdala. Adv Exp Med Biol 203: 53–66, 1986.
  195. PACKARD MG AND CAHILL L. Affective modulation of multiple memory systems. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11: 752–756, 2001.
  196. PAPE HC, PARé D, AND DRIESANG RB. Two types of intrinsic oscillations in neurons of the lateral and basolateral nuclei of the amygdala. J Neurophysiol 79: 205–216, 1998.
  197. PAPEZ JW. A proposed mechanis of emotion. Arch Neurol Psych 38: 725–743, 1937.
  198. PARé D. Mechanisms of Pavlovian fear conditioning: has the en-gram been located? Trends Neurosci 25: 436, 2002.
  199. PARé D AND COLLINS DR. Neuronal correlates of fear in the lateral amygdala: multiple extracellular recordings in conscious cats. J Neurosci 20: 2701–2710, 2000.
  200. PARé D AND GAUDREAU H. Projection cells and interneurons of the lateral and basolateral amygdala: distinct firing patterns and differential relation to theta and delta rhythms in conscious cats. J Neurosci 16: 3334–3350, 1996.
  201. PARé D, PAPE HC, AND DONG J. Bursting and oscillating neurons of the cat basolateral amygdaloid complex in vivo: electrophysiological properties and morphological features. J Neurophysiol 74: 1179–1191, 1995.
  202. PARé D AND SMITH Y. Distribution of GABA immunoreactivity in the amygdaloid complex of the cat. Neuroscience 57: 1061–1076, 1993.
  203. PARé D AND SMITH Y. The intercalated cell masses project to the central and medial nuclei of the amygdala in cats. Neuroscience 57: 1077–1090, 1993.
  204. PARé D, SMITH Y, AND PARé JF. Intra-amygdaloid projections of the basolateral and basomedial nuclei in the cat: Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin anterograde tracing at the light and electron microscopic level. Neuroscience 69: 567–583, 1995.
  205. PETROVICH GD, CANTERAS NS, AND SWANSON LW. Combinatorial amygdalar inputs to hippocampal domains and hypothalamic behavior systems. Brain Res 38: 247–289, 2001.
  206. PIN JP. Synaptic transmission. The two faces of glutamate. Nature 394: 19–21, 1998.
  207. PIN JP AND DUVOISIN R. The metabotropic glutamate receptors: structure and functions. Neuropharmacology 34: 1–26, 1995.
  208. PITKäNEN A. Connectivity of the rat amygdaloid complex. In: The Amygdala: A Functional Analysis, edited by Aggleton JP. Oxford, UK: Oxford Univ. Press, 2000, p. 31–115.
  209. PITKäNEN A AND AMARAL DG. The distribution of GABAergic cells, fibers, and terminals in the monkey amygdaloid complex: an immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization study. J Neurosci 14: 2200–2224, 1994.
  210. PITKäNEN A, SAVANDER V, AND LEDOUX JE. Organization of intraamygdaloid circuitries in the rat: an emerging framework for understanding functions of the amygdala. Trends Neurosci 20: 517–523, 1997.
  211. PITKäNEN A, STEFANACCI L, FARB CR, GO GG, LEDOUX JE, AND AMARAL DG. Intrinsic connections of the rat amygdaloid complex: projections originating in the lateral nucleus. J Comp Neurol 356: 288–310, 1995.
  212. POREMBA A AND GABRIEL M. Amygdala neurons mediate acquisition but not maintenance of instrumental avoidance behavior in rabbits. J Neurosci 19: 9635–9641, 1999.
  213. PRICE JL, RUSSCHEN FT, AND AMARAL DG. The Limbic Region. II: The Amygdaloid Complex. New York: Elsevier Science, 1987.
  214. PUELLES L. Thoughts on the development, structure and evolution of the mammalian and avian telencephalic pallium. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 356: 1583–1598, 2001.
  215. QUIRK GJ, ARMONY JL, AND LEDOUX JE. Fear conditioning enhances different temporal components of tone-evoked spike trains in auditory cortex and lateral amygdala. Neuron 19: 613–624, 1997.
  216. QUIRK GJ, REPA C, AND LEDOUX JE. Fear conditioning enhances short-latency auditory responses of lateral amygdaloid neurons: parallel recordings in the freely behaving rat. Neuron 15: 1029–1039, 1995.
  217. RAGOZZINO D, WOODWARD RM, MURATA Y, EUSEBI F, OVERMAN LE, AND MILEDI R. Design and in vitro pharmacology of a selective {gamma}-aminobutyric acidc receptor antagonist. Mol Pharmacol 50: 1024–1030, 1996.
  218. RAINNIE DG, ASPRODINI EK, AND SHINNICK-GALLAGHER P. Inhibitory transmission in the basolateral amygdala. J Neurophysiol 66: 999–1009, 1991.
  219. RAINNIE DG, ASPRODINI EK, AND SHINNICK-GALLAGHER P. Intracellular recordings from morphologically indentified neurons of the basolateral amygdala. J Neurophysiol 69: 1350–1362, 1993.
  220. RAINNIE DG, EFTIHIA K, ASPRODINI K, AND SHINNICK-GALLAGHER P. Excitatory transmission in the basolateral amygdala. J Neurophysiol 66: 986–997, 1991.
  221. RAINNIE DG, HOLMES KH, AND SHINNICK-GALLAGHER P. Activation of postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors by trans-ACPD hyperpolarizes neurons of the basolateral amygdala. J Neurosci 14: 7208–7220, 1994.
  222. RAINNIE DG AND SHINNICK-GALLAGHER P. Trans-ACPD and L-APB presynaptically inhibit excitatory glutamatergic transmission in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Neurosci Lett 139: 87–91, 1992.
  223. RAMMES G, EDER M, DODT HU, KOCHS E, AND ZIEGLGANSBERGER W. Long-term depression in the basolateral amygdala of the mouse involves the activation of interneurons. Neuroscience 107: 85–97, 2001.
  224. RAY JP AND PRICE JL. The organization of the thalamocortical connections of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus in the rat, related to the ventral forebrain-prefrontal cortex topography. J Comp Neurol 323: 167–197, 1992.
  225. REPA JC, MULLER J, APERGIS J, DESROCHERS TM, ZHOU Y, AND LEDOUX JE. Two different lateral amygdala cell populations contribute to the initiation and storage of memory. Nat Neurosci 4: 724–731, 2001.
  226. RIZVI TA, ENNIS M, BEHBEHANI MM, AND SHIPLEY MT. Connections between the central nucleus of the amygdala and the midbrain periaqueductal gray: topography and reciprocity. J Comp Neurol 303: 121–131, 1991.
  227. RODRIGUES SM, SCHAFE GE, AND LEDOUX JE. Intra-amygdala blockade of the NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor disrupts the acquisition but not the expression of fear conditioning. J Neurosci 21: 6889–6896, 2001.
  228. ROGAN MT AND LEDOUX JE. LTP is accompanied by commensurate enhancement of auditory-evoked responses in a fear conditioning circuit. Neuron 15: 127–136, 1995.
  229. ROGAN MT, STAUBLI UV, AND LEDOUX JE. Fear conditioning induces associative long-term potentiation in the amygdala. Nature 390: 604–607, 1997.
  230. ROLLINS BL, STINES SG, MCGUIRE HB, AND KING BM. Effects of amygdala lesions on body weight, conditioned taste aversion, and neophobia. Physiol Behav 72: 735–742, 2001.
  231. ROLLS ET. The Brain and Emotion. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1999.
  232. ROMANSKI LM, CLUGNET MC, BORDI F, AND LEDOUX JE. Somatosensory and auditory convergence in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala. Behav Neurosci 107: 444–450, 1993.
  233. ROMANSKI LM AND LEDOUX JE. Equipotentiality of thalamo-amygdala and thalamo-cortico-amygdala circuits in auditory fear conditioning. J Neurosci 12: 4501–4509, 1992.
  234. ROMANSKI LM AND LEDOUX JE. Information cascade from primary auditory cortex to the amygdala: corticocortical and corticoamygdaloid projections of temporal cortex in the rat. Cereb Cortex 3: 515–532, 1993.
  235. ROOZENDAAL B, KOOLHAAS JM, AND BOHUS B. The central amygdala is involved in conditioning but not in retention of active and passive shock avoidance in male rats. Behav Neural Biol 59: 143–149, 1993.
  236. ROSEN JB, HITCHCOCK JM, MISERENDINO MJ, FALLS WA, CAMPEAU S, AND DAVIS M. Lesions of the perirhinal cortex but not of the frontal, medial prefrontal, visual, or insular cortex block fear-potentiated startle using a visual conditioned stimulus. J Neurosci 12: 4624–4633, 1992.
  237. ROSEN JB AND SCHULKIN J. From normal fear to pathological anxiety. Psychol Rev 105: 325–350, 1998.
  238. ROSENKRANZ JA AND GRACE AA. Dopamine-mediated modulation of odour-evoked amygdala potentials during pavlovian conditioning. Nature 417: 282–287, 2002.
  239. ROYER S, MARTINA M, AND PARé D. An inhibitory interface gates impulse traffic between the input and output stations of the amygdala. J Neurosci 19: 10575–10583, 1999.
  240. ROYER S, MARTINA M, AND PARé D. Bistable behavior of inhibitory neurons controlling impulse traffic through the amygdala: role of a slowly deinactivating K+ current. J Neurosci 20: 9034–9039, 2000.
  241. ROYER S, MARTINA M, AND PARé D. Polarized synaptic interactions between intercalated neurons of the amygdala. J Neurophysiol 83: 3509–3518, 2000.
  242. SACCHETTI B, LORENZINI CA, BALDI E, TASSONI G, AND BUCHERELLI C. Auditory thalamus, dorsal hippocampus, basolateral amygdala, and perirhinal cortex role in the consolidation of conditioned freezing to context and to acoustic conditioned stimulus in the rat. J Neurosci 19: 9570–9578, 1999.
  243. SAH P. Ca2+-activated K+ currents in neurones: types, physiological roles and modulation. Trends Neurosci 19: 150–154, 1996.
  244. SAHA S, BATTEN TF, AND HENDERSON Z. A GABAergic projection from the central nucleus of the amygdala to the nucleus of the solitary tract: a combined anterograde tracing and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study. Neuroscience 99: 613–626, 2000.
  245. SARTER M AND MARKOWITSCH HJ. Involvement of the amygdala in learning and memory: a critical review, with emphasis on anatomical relations. Behav Neurosci 99: 342–380, 1985.
  246. SAVANDER V, GO CG, LEDOUX JE, AND PITKäNEN A. Intrinsic connections of the rat amygdaloid complex: projections originating in the basal nucleus. J Comp Neurol 361: 345–368, 1995.
  247. SAVANDER V, GO CG, LEDOUX JE, AND PITKANEN A. Intrinsic connections of the rat amygdaloid complex: projections originating in the accessory basal nucleus. J Comp Neurol 374: 291–313, 1996.
  248. SAVANDER V, LEDOUX JE, AND PITKäNEN A. Topographic projections from the periamygdaloid cortex to select subregions of the lateral nucleus of the amygdala in the rat. Neurosci Lett 211: 167–170, 1996.
  249. SAVANDER V, MIETTINEN R, LEDOUX JE, AND PITKäNEN A. Lateral nucleus of the rat amygdala is reciprocally connected with basal and accessory basal nuclei: a light and electron microscopic study. Neuroscience 77: 767–781, 1997.
  250. SCALIA F AND WINANS SS. The differential projections of the olfactory bulb and accessory olfactory bulb in mammals. J Comp Neurol 161: 31–55, 1975.
  251. SCHIESS MC, ASPRODINI EK, RAINNIE DG, AND SHINNICK-GALLAGHER P. The central nucleus of the rat amygdala: in vitro intracellular recordings. Brain Res 604: 283–297, 1993.
  252. SCHIESS MC, CALLAHAN PM, AND ZHENG H. Characterization of the electrophysiological and morphological properties of rat central amygdala neurons in vitro. J Neurosci Res 58: 663–673, 1999.
  253. SHI C AND DAVIS M. Visual pathways involved in fear conditioning measured with fear-potentiated startle: behavioral and anatomic studies. J Neurosci 21: 9844–9855, 2001.
  254. SHI CJ AND CASSELL MD. Cortical, thalamic, and amygdaloid projections of rat temporal cortex. J Comp Neurol 382: 153–175, 1997.
  255. SHI CJ AND CASSELL MD. Cortical, thalamic, and amygdaloid connections of the anterior and posterior insular cortices. J Comp Neurol 399: 440–468, 1998.
  256. SHI CJ AND CASSELL MD. Cascade projections from somatosensory cortex to the rat basolateral amygdala via the parietal insular cortex. J Comp Neurol 399: 469–491, 1998.
  257. SHI CJ AND CASSELL MD. Perirhinal cortex projections to the amygdaloid complex and hippocampal formation in the rat. J Comp Neurol 406: 299–328, 1999.
  258. SHIMADA S, INAGAKI S, KUBOTA Y, OGAWA N, SHIBASAKI T, AND TAKAGI H. Coexistence of peptides (corticotropin releasing factor/neurotensin and substance P/somatostatin) in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and central amygdaloid nucleus of the rat. Neuroscience 30: 377–383, 1989.
  259. SMITH BN AND DUDEK FE. Amino acid-mediated regulation of spontaneous synaptic activity patterns in the rat basolateral amygdala. J Neurophysiol 76: 1958–1967, 1996.
  260. SMITH Y AND PARé D. Intra-amygdaloid projections of the lateral nucleus in the cat: PHA-L anterograde labeling combined with postembedding GABA and glutamate immunocytochemistry. J Comp Neurol 342: 232–248, 1994.
  261. SMITH Y, PARé JF, AND PARé D. Cat intra-amygdaloid inhibitory network: ultrastructural organization of parvalbumin-immunoreactive elements. J Comp Neurol 391: 164–179, 1998.
  262. SMITH Y, PARé JF, AND PARé D. Differential innervation of parvalbumin-immunoreactive interneurons of the basolateral amygdaloid complex by cortical and intrinsic inputs. J Comp Neurol 416: 496–508, 2000.
  263. SUGITA S, JOHNSON SW, AND NORTH RA. Synaptic inputs to GABAA and GABAB receptors originate from discrete afferent neurons. Neurosci Lett 134: 207–211, 1992.
  264. SUGITA S, SHEN KZ, AND NORTH RA. 5-Hydroxytryptamine is a fast excitatory transmitter at 5-HT3 receptors in rat amygdala. Neuron 8: 199–203, 1992.
  265. SUN N AND CASSELL MD. Intrinsic GABAergic neurons in the rat central extended amygdala. J Comp Neurol 330: 381–404, 1993.
  266. SUTHERLAND RJ AND MCDONALD RJ. Hippocampus, amygdala, and memory deficits in rats. Behav Brain Res 37: 57–79, 1990.
  267. SWANSON LW. Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior (1). Brain Res 886: 113–164, 2000.
  268. SWANSON LW AND KUYPERS HG. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus: cytoarchitectonic subdivisions and organization of projections to the pituitary, dorsal vagal complex, and spinal cord as demonstrated by retrograde fluorescence double-labeling methods. J Comp Neurol 194: 555–570, 1980.
  269. SWANSON LW AND PETROVICH GD. What is the amygdala? Trends Neurosci 21: 323–331, 1998.
  270. SZINYEI C, HEINBOCKEL T, MONTAGNE J, AND PAPE HC. Putative cortical and thalamic inputs elicit convergent excitation in a population of GABAergic interneurons of the lateral amygdala. J Neurosci 20: 8909–8915, 2000.
  271. TREIT D AND MENARD J. Dissociations among the anxiolytic effects of septal, hippocampal, and amygdaloid lesions. Behav Neurosci 111: 653–658, 1997.
  272. TREIT D, PESOLD C, AND ROTZINGER S. Dissociating the anti-fear effects of septal and amygdaloid lesions using two pharmacologically validated models of rat anxiety. Behav Neurosci 107: 770–785, 1993.
  273. TSVETKOV E, CARLEZON WA, BENES FM, KANDEL ER, AND BOLSHAKOV VY. Fear conditioning occludes LTP-induced presynaptic enhancement of synaptic transmission in the cortical pathway to the lateral amygdala. Neuron 34: 289–300, 2002.
  274. TURNER BH AND HERKENHAM M. Thalamoamygdaloid projections in the rat: a test of the amygdala's role in sensory processing. J Comp Neurol 313: 295–325, 1991.
  275. VAN DER KOOY D, KODA LY, MCGINTY JF, GERFEN CR, AND BLOOM FE. The organization of projections from the cortex, amygdala, and hypothalamus to the nucleus of the solitary tract in rat. J Comp Neurol 224: 1–24, 1984.
  276. VAZDARJANOVA A, CAHILL L, AND MCGAUGH JL. Disrupting basolateral amygdala function impairs unconditioned freezing and avoidance in rats. Eur J Neurosci 14: 709–718, 2001.
  277. VAZDARJANOVA A AND MCGAUGH JL. Basolateral amygdala is not critical for cognitive memory of contextual fear conditioning. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95: 15003–15007, 1998.
  278. VAZDARJANOVA A AND MCGAUGH JL. Basolateral amygdala is involved in modulating consolidation of memory for classical fear conditioning. J Neurosci 19: 6615–6622, 1999.
  279. VEENING JG, SWANSON LW, AND SAWCHENKO PE. The organization of projections from the central nucleus of the amygdala to brainstem sites involved in central autonomic regulation: a combined retrograde transport-immunohistochemical study. Brain Res 303: 337–357, 1984.
  280. VIGNES M AND COLLINGRIDGE GL. The synaptic activation of kainate receptors. Nature 388: 179–182, 1997.
  281. WALLACE KJ AND ROSEN JB. Neurotoxic lesions of the lateral nucleus of the amygdala decrease conditioned fear but not unconditioned fear of a predator odor: comparison with electrolytic lesions. J Neurosci 21: 3619–3627, 2001.
  282. WANG SJ AND GEAN PW. Long-term depression of excitatory synaptic transmission in the rat amygdala. J Neurosci 19: 10656–10663, 1999.
  283. WASHBURN MS AND MOISES HC. Electrophysiological and morphological properties of rat basolateral amygdaloid neurons in vitro. J Neurosci 12: 4066–4079, 1992.
  284. WASHBURN MS AND MOISES HC. Inhibitory responses of rat basolateral amygdaloid neurons recorded in vitro. Neuroscience 50: 811–830, 1992.
  285. WASHBURN MS AND MOISES HC. Muscarinic responses of rat basolateral amygadaloid neurons recorded in vitro. J Physiol 449: 121–154, 1992.
  286. WASHBURN MS, NUMBERGER M, ZHANG S, AND DINGLEDINE R. Differential dependence on GluR2 expression of three characteristic features of AMPA receptors. J Neurosci 17: 9393–9406, 1997.
  287. WATKINS LR, WIERTELAK EP, AND MAIER SF. The amygdala is necessary for the expression of conditioned but not unconditioned analgesia. Behav Neurosci 107: 402–405, 1993.
  288. WEISKRANTZ L. Behavioural changes associated with ablation of the amygdaloid complex in monkeys. J Comp Physiol Pharmacol 49: 129–158, 1956.
  289. WEISSKOPF MG, BAUER EP, AND LEDOUX JE. L-type voltage-gated calcium channels mediate NMDA-independent associative long-term potentiation at thalamic input synapses to the amygdala. J Neurosci 19: 10512–10519, 1999.
  290. WEISSKOPF MG AND LEDOUX JE. In vitro analysis of synaptic input to the dorsal subdivision of the lateral amygdala. Soc Neurosci Abstr 23: 786, 1997.
  291. WEISSKOPF MG AND LEDOUX JE. Distinct populations of NMDA receptors at subcortical and cortical inputs to principal cells of the lateral amygdala. J Neurophysiol 81: 930–934, 1999.
  292. WELZL H, D'ADAMO P, AND LIPP HP. Conditioned taste aversion as a learning and memory paradigm. Behav Brain Res 125: 205–213, 2001.
  293. WHITING PJ, MCKERNAN RM, AND WAFFORD KA. Structure and pharmacology of vertebrate GABAA receptor subtypes. Int Rev Neurobiol 38: 95–138, 1995.
  294. WILENSKY AE, SCHAFE GE, AND LEDOUX JE. Functional inactivation of the amygdala before but not after auditory fear conditioning prevents memory formation. J Neurosci 19: RC48, 1999.
  295. WOODSON W, FARB CR, AND LEDOUX JE. Afferents from the auditory thalamus synapse on inhibitory interneurons in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala. Synapse 38: 124–137, 2000.
  296. WYLLIE DJ, MANABE T, AND NICOLL RA. A rise in postsynaptic Ca2+ potentiates miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and AMPA responses in hippocampal neurons. Neuron 12: 127–138, 1994.
  297. YAJEYA J, DE LA FUENTE JUAN A, MERCHAN MA, RIOLOBOS AS, HEREDIA M, AND CRIADO JM. Cholinergic responses of morphologically and electrophysiologically characterized neurons of the basolateral complex in rat amygdala slices. Neuroscience 78: 731–743, 1997.
  298. YOUNG BJ AND LEATON RN. Amygdala central nucleus lesions attenuate acoustic startle stimulus-evoked heart rate changes in rats. Behav Neurosci 110: 228–237, 1996.
  299. ZHANG L, WEINER JL, VALIANTE TA, VELUMIAN AA, WATSON PL, JAHROMI SS, SCHERTZER S, PENNEFATHER P, AND CARLEN PL. Whole cell recording of the Ca2+-dependent slow afterhyperpolarization in hippocampal neurons: effects of internally applied anions. Pflügers Arch 426: 247–253, 1994.
  300. ZOLA-MORGAN S, SQUIRE LR, ALVAREZ-ROYO P, AND CLOWER RP. Independence of memory functions and emotional behavior: separate contributions of the hippocampal formation and the amygdala. Hippocampus 1: 207–220, 1991.
  301. ZUCKER RS. Short term synaptic plasticity. Annu Rev Neurosci 12: 13–31, 1989.

rating: 5.00 from 3 votes | updated on: 31 Aug 2008 | views: 1990 |

share this article | email to friends

suggest a revision
print this page
print the whole article

Rate article:







excellent!bad…